Vascular surgery

Question 1

List two non modifiable risk factors for peripheral arterial disease

Answer 1

age
sex
ethnicity
family history

Question 2

List three modifiable risk factors for peripheral arterial disease

Answer 2

smoking
hyperchlosteroaemia
diabetes
hypertension

Question 3

List three investigations for vascular patients

Answer 3

FBC/UE/Glucose/HbA1C
ABPI
Arterial duplex
CT angio
Catheter angio

Question 4

What is the calculation for ABPI?

Answer 4

SBP anke/SBP arm

Question 5

What does an ABPI of 1 indicate?

Answer 5

normal

Question 6

What does an ABPI of 0.5-0.9 indicate?

Answer 6

claudication

Question 7

0.3-0.5?

Answer 7

severe occlusive disease

Question 8

<0.3?

Answer 8

critical limb ischaemia

Question 9

What does an ABPI >1.3 suggest?

Answer 9

calcification

Question 10

List two causes of acute limb ischaemia?

Answer 10

embolus
thrombus
trauma

Question 11

What are the 6 P’s?

Answer 11

Pallor
Pain
Parasthesia
Paralysis
Pusleless
Perishingly cold

Question 12

What is the treatment for acute limb ischaemia?

Answer 12

embolectomy/thrombectomy
surgical bypass
anticoagulation- LMWH
palliative

Question 13

List a scoring system for acute limb ischaemia

Answer 13

Rutherford classification
I, IIa, IIb, III

Question 14

List two investigations for peripheral arterial disease in primary care?

Answer 14

ABPI
AAA assessment

Question 15

List three options to reduce cardiovascular risk for peripheral arterial disease

Answer 15

smoking cessation
statins
glycaemic control
weight reduction
blood pressure control

Question 16

Define claudication

Answer 16

pain in limb upon movement. too little blood flow

Question 17

List three risk factors for AAA

Answer 17

male
smoking
atherosclerosis
hypertension
FH
connective tissue disease

Question 18

List one connective tissue disorder that

Answer 18

Marfans syndrome
Ehlers-danlos syndrome

Question 19

Which is the best diagnostic test for AAA?

Answer 19

CT angio

Question 20

What presentation should you always consider in middle aged man with renal colic like symptoms/flank pain?

Answer 20

AAA

Question 21

Which antiplatelet treatment should stroke patients be commenced on to reduce cardiovascular risk?

Answer 21

aspirin + clopidogrel
(and statin)

Question 22

Which percentage of carotid stenosis warrants surgery/intervention?

Answer 22

> 70%

Question 23

Which is the most common site of venous ulceration?

Answer 23

medial malleolus

Question 24

List two indications for surgical intervention with varicose veins

Answer 24

pain
itch
ulceration
bleeding