Vascular surgery Flashcards
List two non modifiable risk factors for peripheral arterial disease
age
sex
ethnicity
family history
List three modifiable risk factors for peripheral arterial disease
smoking
hyperchlosteroaemia
diabetes
hypertension
List three investigations for vascular patients
FBC/UE/Glucose/HbA1C
ABPI
Arterial duplex
CT angio
Catheter angio
What is the calculation for ABPI?
SBP anke/SBP arm
What does an ABPI of 1 indicate?
normal
What does an ABPI of 0.5-0.9 indicate?
claudication
0.3-0.5?
severe occlusive disease
<0.3?
critical limb ischaemia
What does an ABPI >1.3 suggest?
calcification
List two causes of acute limb ischaemia?
embolus
thrombus
trauma
What are the 6 P’s?
Pallor
Pain
Parasthesia
Paralysis
Pusleless
Perishingly cold
What is the treatment for acute limb ischaemia?
embolectomy/thrombectomy
surgical bypass
anticoagulation- LMWH
palliative
List a scoring system for acute limb ischaemia
Rutherford classification
I, IIa, IIb, III
List two investigations for peripheral arterial disease in primary care?
ABPI
AAA assessment
List three options to reduce cardiovascular risk for peripheral arterial disease
smoking cessation
statins
glycaemic control
weight reduction
blood pressure control
Define claudication
pain in limb upon movement. too little blood flow
List three risk factors for AAA
male
smoking
atherosclerosis
hypertension
FH
connective tissue disease
List one connective tissue disorder that
Marfans syndrome
Ehlers-danlos syndrome
Which is the best diagnostic test for AAA?
CT angio
What presentation should you always consider in middle aged man with renal colic like symptoms/flank pain?
AAA
Which antiplatelet treatment should stroke patients be commenced on to reduce cardiovascular risk?
aspirin + clopidogrel
(and statin)
Which percentage of carotid stenosis warrants surgery/intervention?
> 70%
Which is the most common site of venous ulceration?
medial malleolus
List two indications for surgical intervention with varicose veins
pain
itch
ulceration
bleeding