Vascular Plant Growth, Structure, and Development Flashcards
What are plants two organ systems?
the root system and shoot system
Three root functions
absorb minerals and water, provide structural support, and store energy
How does the root system develop?
lateral roots branch from the original primary root
Root hair function
site of water/mineral absorption
Mycorrhizae
fungi that absorbs nutrients to share with the plant
Three stem functions
Orient to maximize photosynthesis, store carbohydrate reserves, and facilitate reproduction
Rhizomes
carbohydrate reserves attached to stems
Stolon
a stem that branches off and produces a daughter plant (facilitate reproduction)
Apical bud
the bud at the top of the stem that grows upwards
Axillary buds
buds left behind by the apical bud that can develop into lateral branches
Nodes
where leaves/axillary buds develope
Internodes
stem sections between nodes
Three leaf functions
perform photosynthesis, store carbohydrate reserves, and provide protection
What are Bulbs?
stems that store carbohydrate reserves (ex. onion)
What are thorns?
leaves whose purpose it to provide protection
Petiole
“stem” of the leaf that branches from the stem node
Blade
“leaf” part of the leaf
Simple leaf
one blade branching from the petiole
Compound Leaf
many blades branching from the petiole
Protoderm
primary meristem consisting of immature epidermis tissue
Ground meristem
primary meristem consisting of immature ground tissue
Procambium
primary meristem consisting of immature vascular tissue
Axillary buds
precursor to lateral shots consisting of their own apical meristem
Apical meristem
zone of primary growth where cell division and elongation occurs
