Vascular Physiology Flashcards
How much blood is in the veins?
42%
What is capillary diameter controlled by?
Actin and myosin in the epithelial cells
What are the three layers of blood vessels?
Connective tissue adventitia - Elastic
Smooth Muscle
Endothelium
What acts like a reservoir of blood?
The veins
What is the blood brain barrier composed of?
The endothelial cells of the cerebral capillaries and the choroids plexus epithelium.
What substances can pass easily through the blood brain barrier?
Carbon dioxide
Water
Oxygen
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
Return plasma to the circulatory system
Where does the lymphatic system drain?
Jugular and subclavian veins
What is a normal BP for a young adult?
120/70 mmHg
When measuring blood pressure what do Korotkoff sounds signal?
Systole
What equation is blood flow given by?
Pressure/Resistance
State Pouiselle’s Law
Resistance is proportional to 1/r to the power of 4
What is blood velocity proportional to?
1/Cross sectional area
Where is the biggest drop in blood pressure and why?
From the arterioles to the capillaries due a large increase in cross sectional area
What is hypertension defined as?
Diastolic arterial BP > 90mmHg
What are the two types of hypertension?
Primary Hypertension - No known cause it is due to super additive risk factors
Secondary Hypertension - Has a known cause
What systems regulate blood pressure?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Endothelium
Renin-Angiotensin system
Changes in blood volume
Where are baroreceptors located?
The carotid sinus and the aortic arch