Vascular Disease- Peripheral Vascular Disease Flashcards
What is Peripheral Vascular Disease and what does it refer to?
refers to diseases which affect the vascular system particularly in the extremities (blood vessels, lymphatic fluid transport) outside of the heart
What are PVD risk factors?
obesity, increased blood pressure, family history, kidney disease, diabetes, age (over 50), poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and drug use
What are the 2 types of PVD?
functional and organic PVD
What is functional PVD?
no defects of the blood vessel structure, usually brief in effects, no organic cause.
the patients vessel widen and narrow in response to brain signals and temperature changes
What can functional PVD be attributed to?
emotional stress, cold temperatures, medications, work related activities
What is Organic PVD?
caused by structural changes to the blood vessels (inflammation, plaque, tissue damage)
What can organic PVD be attributed to?
smoking, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, high cholesterol
What are the types of functional PVD?
Raynauds’s disease
What are the types of organic PVD?
PAD, atherosclerosis, DVT, varicose veins, thrombophlebitis, lymphedema
What are the types of tests to diagnose PVD?
ABI, Doppler ultrasound, angiography, blood tests
What is ABI?
Ankle-brachial index that compares the blood pressure in the ankle to the blood pressure in your arm
What is a doppler ultrasound?
can evaluate the patient’s blood flow through their blood vessels and identify blocked or narrowed arteries
What is Angiography and what are the two types of Angiography?
uses a catheter, x-ray imaging guidance and an injection of contrast material to examine blood vessels. MRA and CTA
What do blood tests evaluate when diagnosing PVD?
evaluates cholesterol and triglycerides in the patients blood system
What is the difference between MRA and CTA?
mra includes the use of magnetic field imaging, follows blood flow with the illumination thats been put into the vessels
cta involves the use of xryas for assessment and includes the dye injection into the vessels
