Vascular Disease Part 2 Flashcards
LB: What are the two types of aortic dissections?
Type A - involving the Ascending Aorta (includes DeBakey 1 and 2)
Type B - involves only the descending aorta (DeBakey 3)
*DeBakey 1 involves all aspects of aorta
LB: Why can aortic dissections sometimes present with cerebral or myocardial ischemia?
If dissection reaches coronary or cerebral vessels off of aorta, the lumen can become compressed and limit blood flow
LB: Describe the factors leading to hemopericardium
A proximal aortic dissection can lead to blood exiting the aorta and instead entering the pericardial sac, restricting movement of the heart.
LB: How is aortic dissection treated?
Very aggressive management of hypertension and aortic plication
What is the most common cause of an Abdominal Aorta Aneurysm?
Atherosclerosis
What are the differences between a True aneurysm and a False aneurysm?
true= Wall thin but intact. Blood in circulation
false= Defect in wall leading to extravascular hematoma
Atherosclerotic plaques are made of what cells?
T cells, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Macrophages (includes foamy macrophages)
Hypertension and/or syphilis are the most common causes of what type of aneurysm?
Thoracic Aneurysm (ascending aorta aneurysm)
True or False? Scurvy can lead to an aneurysm.
True. Scurvy causes collagen to cross-link in such a manner that makes the vessel wall weaker, which can lead to an aneurysm.
What enzyme present during inflammation can lead to a weakened vessel wall and potentially an aneurysm?
MMP or Matrix Metalloproteinase
BL: Where are abdominal aortic aneurysm located?
Between the renal arteries and above the bifurcation
BL: What infection is related to causing abdominal aortic aneurysm?
Salmonella from gasstroenteritis
