Vascular cardiac and interventional radiography Flashcards
1
Q
two different things you can go into in interventional radiology
A
vascular and cardiac
2
Q
Cardiac interventional radiogrpahy letters
A
CI
3
Q
vascular interventional radiography
A
VI
4
Q
who created the radiographic showing of blood vessels
A
haschek and lindenthal
5
Q
first human cardiac catheterization performed
A
25 year old fossman
6
Q
who created the percutaneous technique
A
Dr. Sven Ivar Seldinger
7
Q
fathers of interventional radiology and cardiology
A
Charles Dotter
Andreas Gruntzig
8
Q
PTA
A
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
9
Q
What is PTA
A
Investigation of coronary arteries
10
Q
thrombus
A
blood clot obstructing a blood vessel or cavity of the heart
11
Q
fibrinolytic agent
A
recombinant tissue plasminogen activators
12
Q
embolization
A
cutting off the blood supply
13
Q
two main parts of the circulatory system
A
blood vascular system and lymphatic system
14
Q
major part of the circulatory system
A
blood vascular system
15
Q
minor part of the circulatory system
A
lymphatic system
16
Q
veins carry blood
A
toward the heart
17
Q
arteries carry blood
A
away from the heart
18
Q
two circulation circuits of the heart
A
systemic and pulmonary
19
Q
systemic circulation carries
A
oxygenated blood to the organs and tissues
20
Q
pulmonary circulation takes blood
A
to lungs to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen
21
Q
two main trunk vessels arise from the heart
A
aorta and pulmonary trunk
22
Q
where does the portal system begin and end
A
begins in capillaries of the abdominal viscera and ends in the capillaries and sinusoids of the liver
23
Q
arteriole
A
smaller branch of artery
24
Q
capillary
A
smallest vessels, connects arterioles and venules: supplies oxygen and removes waste
25
venule
smaller branch of vein
26
two largest systemic veins
superior and inferior vena cava
27
myocardium
muscular wall of the heart
28
endocardium
inner lining of heart
29
epicardium
thin membrane that covers heart
30
pericardial sac
double walled outermost covering of heart
31
Upper chambers of the heart ( receiving chanbers
atria
32
lower chambers of the heart (distributing chambers)
ventricle
33
the valve that controls the opening between right atrium and the ventricle
right atrioventricular (AV) valve or tricuspid valve
34
Valve that controls opening between left atrium and ventricle
Left AV valve or bicuspid or mitral valve
35
Contraction of the heart is
systole
36
pumping and relaxation of the heart is
diastole
37
widow maker
left coronary artery
38
where does the aotra bifurcate
L4
39
internal iliac artery passes
into the pelvis
40
the external iliac artery passes to a point about
midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis
41
lymphatic system consists of two communicating sets
superficial and deep
42
the function of the lymphatic system
collect fluid from tissue spaces and transport it to blood vascular system
43
nodes
convergence location for cunducting vessels
44
thoracic duct
the terminal main trunk of the lymphatic system
45
Where is lymph fluid eventually emptied
terminal lymph trunks for conveyance to the blood-vascular system
46
lymphocytes
type of white blood cell that are formed in lymph nodes and added to lymph fluid while in the nodes
47
what has replaced lymphography
MRI
48
angiography
general term refering to radiologic examinartion of vascular structures after the introduction of a contrast medium
49
arteriography
refers to the radiologic exam of arteries via contrast injection
50
venography
refers to the radiologic examination of veins via contrast injection
51
claudication
leg pain and cramping, caused by too little blood flow
52
stenosis
narrowing of a vessel
53
occlusion
blockage of a vessel
54
aneurysm
weakened area of an artery that is "ballooned"
55
arteriovenous malformation
an abnormal tangle of blood vessels that causes irregular arteries and veins
56
nonionic is less
nephrotoxic
57
what contrast media is usually used
water-soluble iodinated medium - nonionic
58
Nonionic contrast medium is
high viscosity and low osmolar
59
what can be used for pretreatment before an exam with contrast media
antihistamines and steroids
60
embyolis
floating clot
61
urticaria
hives caused by an anaphylactic reaction
62
angioedema
rapid edema or swelling underneath the skin
63
what are things you can expect to see with a person who is experiencing anaphylactic shock
shallow breathing and weak and rapid heart rate
64
misregistration
patient moved between the mask image and the next image
65
magnifiaction factor equation
SID/SOD
66
what are most guidewires coated with
hydrophilic plastic polymer coating
67
introducer sheath
helps to safely stabilize and control access of the vasculature and reduces trauma to the vessel
68
most common artery site for puncture
femoral
69
most widely used method of catheterization
puncture of anterior wall of vessel only
70
catheter infused with
heparinized saline
71
pigtail catheter
special multiple side holes that allow higher volume of contrast media to be injected with less whiplash effect
72
vasovagal reaction
sweating and nausea caused by a decrease in blood pressure- slows the heart rate
73
neuro cardiogenic syncope
another name for vasovagal syncope- fainting
74
visceral and peripheral =
dynamic practice
75
first 3 vessels that branch off the aotra
brachiocephalic artery (innominate artery)
left common carotid
left subclavian artery
76
what does cerebral angiography demonstrate
blood vessels of the brain
77
where does the ICA enter the cranium
carotid canal- part of the foramen lacerum
78
AVM
arteriovenous malformations
79
vertebral arteries enter the brain through the
foramen magnum
80
what is transit time of cerebral circulation
3 seconds
81
deep vein thrombosis
blood clot in a deep vein in the leg
82
is interventional radiology therapeutic or diagnostic
both
83
transcatheter embolization
procedure that uses particles such as tiny gelatin sponges or beads to block blood vessels
84
TIPS
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
85
three main purposes for transcatheter embolization
stop active bleeding sites
control blood flow to diseased or malformed vessels
stop or reduce blood flow to a particular area before surgery
86
what is an inferior vena cave filter used for
trap emboli to prevent pulmonary embolism
87
what happens in a TIPS procedure
an artificial low-pressure pathway between the portal and hepatic veins is created
88
what is TIPS procedure used to reduce
portal hypertension and associated variceal bleeding in patients with liver disease
89
thrombolytic therapy
used to dissolve thrombus intravascularly
90
what is cardiac catheterization
minor surgical procedure involving the introduction of special catheters into the heart, great vessels and coronary arteries
91
most definitive procedure for visualizing coronary anatomy
coronary angiography
92
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
93
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
94
CAD
Coronary artery disease
95
PAD
peripheral artery disease
96
Moribund patient
not growing or changing, without force or vitality. stagnant
97
cardiac procedures require an _____ _____exposure time
extremely short
98
frames per second for a cardiac procedure
15 to 30 frames per second
99
hemodynamic parameters
blood pressure and cardiac output
100
cardiac output=
indicator of overall ability of heart to pump blood
101
best indicator of heart function
cardiac output
102
two main trunks of the heart
aorta and pulmonary trunk
103
pulmonary arteries carry
oxygen poor blood
104
pulmonary veins carry
oxygen rich blood
105
endomyocardial biopsy
tissue sample for direct pathologic evaluation of cardiac muscle to monitor transplants for rejection and to differentiate cardiomyopathies
106
electrophysiology is used for
analyzing condiction system, inducing arrhythmias, evaluating arrhythmias, determining the effect of treatment for arrhythmias
107
coronary atherectomy device
rotorblator used for PTCRA
108
where do the vertebral arteries arise from
the right and left subclavian
109
right side of the heart handles
venous or deoxygenated blood
110
left side of the heart handles
arterial or oxygenated blood
111
what supplies blood to the myocardium
coronary arteries
112
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography
113
what is the purpose of a vena cava filter
trap venous emboli from migrating to the pulmonary arteries causing a pulmonary embolus
114
purpose of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
decrease portal hypertension
115
what pathology leads to a patient needing a TIPS procedure
portal hypertension- increased resistance in blood flow through the liver which elevates the blood pressure of the portal circulation
116
peripheral angiography
uses contrast to help find blocked or narrowed arteries
117
what are lower limb venograms used for
visualize thrombosis of the deep veins of the legs prior to intervention
118
what is the modality of choice to diagnose deep vein thrombosis
Ultrasound
