Various Perspectives and Epistemological Lenses

Question 1

concerned with assumptions about the nature of knowledge and what counts as knowledge

Answer 1

Epistemology

Question 2

If research is knowing the unknown, an epistemological question will be, what is the ____ of the knowledge to be known and where does such knowledge to be known reside?

Answer 2

nature

Question 3

two means of knowing and each has its own way of arriving at an unknown:

Answer 3

1. the quantitative research paradigm and
2. the qualitative research paradigm

Question 4

focus of quantitative research

Answer 4

causation and experimentation

causal explanation of the relationship between 2 variables

Question 5

focus of qualitative research

Answer 5

contextualization and construction.

the context of the action

Question 6

3 philosophical assumptions of research

Answer 6

1. ontological assumptions– on what is the nature of reality;
2. epistemological assumptions – on what counts as knowledge; and
3. teleological assumptions– on what is the purpose of research .

Question 7

The Ontological Assumptions (The Dimensions of Reality Focused On) of the QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH PARADIGM

Answer 7

Reality of the object of research is objective and singular

The object of research is seen the same way by everybody.

Question 8

The Ontological Assumptions (The Dimensions of Reality Focused On) of the QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PARADIGM

Answer 8

Reality of the object of research is subjective and multiple,

The object of research is based on experience and contextual

Question 9

Since the two paradigms– the quantitative research and the qualitative research–differ in their ontological assumptions,
they also differ in their______________

Answer 9

epistemological assumptions

Question 10

assumptions on what is the nature of knowledge and the means by which such knowledge can be known

Answer 10

epistemological assumptions

Question 11

The Epistemological Assumptions (The Knowledge Considered) of the QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Answer 11

Knowledge that is a priori
knowledge that is something out there
knowledge that can be discovered by the knower/researcher\
knowledge derived through hypothesis testing (hypothesizing the relationships between predefined variables and measuring those variables)
knowledge is a causal explanation showing a causal relationship between two variables, independent and dependent variables.

experimentation

Question 12

The Epistemological Assumptions (The Knowledge Considered) of the QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Answer 12

knowledge that is emergent
Knowledge realized by knower/researcher
knowledge is a contextual explanation showing the meaning that defines the action.
Knowledge is a theoretical proposition on the occurrence of a phenomenon drawn from experience

Question 13

Since the two paradigms/perspectives– the quantitative research and the qualitative research–differ in their ontological and their epistemological assumptions, they also differ in their ______assumption.

Answer 13

teleological

Question 14

The Teleological Assumptions (The Purpose of Research Accomplished) of the QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Answer 14

to predict the causal relationship of variables.

Question 15

The Teleological Assumptions (The Purpose of Research Accomplished) of the QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Answer 15

to understand the meaning that defines the participant’s action.