Varicela Flashcards

1
Q

¿Qué la causa?

A

Virus de la Varicela
Zoster (VVZ)

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2
Q

Definición

A

Enfermedad exantemática
altamente contagiosa.

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3
Q

2 formas clínicas de la enfermedad:

A

varicela y herpes zóster

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4
Q

La varicela afecta a…

A

niños menores de 9 años

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5
Q

Casos mundiales al año

A

60 millones

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6
Q

¿En qué estaciones se presenta?

A

Invierno - Primavera

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7
Q

Factores de riesgo

A
  • Edad
  • Inmunodeficiencia
  • No estar vacunado
  • Mujeres embarazadas
  • No haber tenido la enfermedad
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8
Q

Etiología

A

Virus de la Varicela Zoster VVZ

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9
Q

Se transmite por contacto

A

Directo: ampollas-líquido
Indirecto: gotas respiratorias

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10
Q

Clinica (al comienzo)

A
  • Fiebre
  • Pérdida de apetito
  • Dolor de cabeza
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11
Q

Clinica (exantema)

A
  • 10 - 21 días después.
  • Inicia en el pecho - espalda - cara.
  • Las lesiones evolucionan.
  • Causa picazón (pruriginosas).
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12
Q

¿Cuánto dura?

A

2 semanas

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13
Q

Diagnóstico

A

Estudios de laboratorio: cultivo viral y PCR

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14
Q

Tratamiento

A
  • Agentes antivirales
  • Aciclovir
  • Baños diarios
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15
Q

Complicaciones

A
  • Impetiginización: infección de piel y tejido subcutáneo.
  • Neumonía: adultos.
  • Ataxia cerebelosa
  • Herpes Zoster
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