variation and sexual reproduction Flashcards
what is the cost of sexual reproduction?
males unable to produce offspring
only half of each parents genome passed onto offspring
disrupting successful parent genomes
why does benefits outweigh costs?
due to an increase in genetic variation in the population
what does genetic variation provide?
raw material required for adaption, giving sexually reproducing organisms, better chance of survival
what can interactions of hosts and parasites result in?
sexually reproducing hosts
what happens if hosts reproduce sexually
genetic variability in their offspring reduces the chances to infection by parasites
why can asexual reproduction be successful reproductive strategy?
whole genome are passed on from parent to offspring
when is it an advantage to maintain the genome of the parent?
in very narrow stable niches or when recolonsing habitats
what is an example of asexual reproduction?
vegetative cloning in plants and parthenogenesis in lower plants and animals that lack fertilisation
when can offspring be reproduced more often and in larger numbers?
asexual reproduction
what do parthenogenesis more disadvantageous to?
found in cooler climates, so disadvantageous to parasites
what are asexually reproducing organisms that able to do easily but what can happen?
change to their environment
mutations can occur that can provide some degree of variation and enable some natural selection and evolution to occur
what can organisms that reproduce principally by asexual reproduction also have?
mechanisms for horizontal gene transfer
between individuals to increase variation
what is r and K
r-animals
k-think of humans
