Variation

Question 1

What are the five kingdoms?

Answer 1

Plants, animals, fungi, protoctists and prokaryotes

Question 2

What is an autotroph?

Answer 2

An organism that makes it own food

Question 3

What is a saprophyte?

Answer 3

Feed off dead organisms

Question 4

Features of animals

Answer 4

Multicellular, don’t have a cell wall or chlorophyll

Question 5

Features of plants

Answer 5

Autotrophs, multicellular and have rigid cell walls

Question 6

Features of fungi

Answer 6

Saprophytes, multicellular and have cell walls but no chlorophyll

Question 7

Features of protoctists

Answer 7

Unicellular with nucleus

Question 8

Features of prokaryotes

Answer 8

Unicellular with no nucleus

Question 9

What is the order of classification

Answer 9

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus , species

Question 10

What is a vertabrate

Answer 10

Has a back bone

Question 11

What is an invertebrate

Answer 11

Don’t have an internal skeleton

Question 12

How are vertebrates classed

Answer 12

How they absorb oxygen
How they reproduce
How they regulate body temperature

Question 13

What does oviparous mean?

Answer 13

Lay eggs

Question 14

What does viviparous mean?

Answer 14

Give birth to live young

Question 15

What is a homeotherm?

Answer 15

Warm blood through homeostasis

Question 16

What is a poikilotherm?

Answer 16

Cold blooded, temperature changes with surroundings

Question 17

What is a ring species

Answer 17

A group of related populations living in neighbouring areas. Populations near each other can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 18

What is the binomial system

Answer 18

Each species given a two part Latin name. The first is genus and second is species

Question 19

What does the binomial system help scientists do

Answer 19

Identify
Study
Conserve

Question 20

What is variation

Answer 20

Organisms in the same species have differences

Question 21

What is variation caused by

Answer 21

Genes
Environment
Mutations

Question 22

What characteristics can only be determined by genes

Answer 22

Eye colour, blood group, inherited disorders

Question 23

What environmental characteristics cause variation

Answer 23

Diet, exercise, temperature, light level, amount of water

Question 24

Why can’t plants grow in the deep sea

Answer 24

No light

Question 25

How are deep sea fish adapted to their surroundings

Answer 25

Some emit light to attract prey Have huge mouths Have huge eyes and feelers

Question 26

How are polar bears adapted to the arctic

Answer 26

``` Small surface area- don't lose heat Thick blubber for insulation Hairy coats to trap warm air Greasy fur to prevent evaporation Big feet to spread weight White fur for camouflage ```

Question 27

How are penguins adapted to the Antarctic

Answer 27

Insulating fat Huddle together Streamlined body

Question 28

What is natural selection

Answer 28

Stronger organism lube are more likely to survive

Question 29

What DNA research support evolution

Answer 29

We shared common ancestors | Closely related species diverged recently

Question 30

How do resistant organisms support evolution

Answer 30

Warfarin used to kill rays but a gene gave them resistance so these rats are more likely to survive

Question 31

What is speciation

Answer 31

Development of a new species - this happens when populations of the same species become so different they can't interbreed

Question 32

What part of cells contain chromosomes

Answer 32

Nucleus

Question 33

How many chromosomes in each nucleus

Answer 33

23 pairs

Question 34

What do chromosomes contain

Answer 34

Genes

Question 35

What do genes do

Answer 35

Control development of different characteristics

Question 36

What does homozygous mean

Answer 36

Two alleles for the same gene are the same

Question 37

What is cystic fibrosis

Answer 37

A genetic disorder of cell membranes - causes mucus to block air passages and gut. Can cause breathing difficulties, lung infections and fertility problems

Question 38

What is sickle cell anaemia

Answer 38

A genetic disorder that changes shape of red blood cells - deprives body of oxygen, causes painful joints and muscles, fever and anaemia