variation

Question 1

asexual

Answer 1

not involving the fusion of gametes

Question 2

clone

Answer 2

an individual that has been produced asexually and is genetically identical to its parent

Question 3

cutting

Answer 3

an older, simple method of cloning used by gardeners to produce many identical plants from a parent plant

Question 4

embryo transplant

Answer 4

a method of cloning where cells are split apart from a developing animal embryo before they become specialised, then the identical embryos are transplanted into host mothers

Question 5

genetically modified

Answer 5

when genes are modified through genetic engineering

Question 6

genetic engineering

Answer 6

the process of cutting out a useful gene from one organism’s genome and inserting it into another organism’s cell(s)

Question 7

inbreeding

Answer 7

when closely related animals or plants are bred together

Question 8

mutation

Answer 8

a random change in an organism’s DNA

Question 9

selective breeding

Answer 9

the process by which humans breed plants and animals for particular genetic characteristics

Question 10

tissue culture

Answer 10

a method of cloning where small groups of cells from part of a plant are used to grow identical new plants

Question 11

variation

Answer 11

the differences that exist between individuals