Values Flashcards
Symptoms vs signs
Symptoms are subjective findings identified or perceived by the child or family. Signs are objective findings identified or perceived by therapist
Neonatal state classification
6: crying, 5: active awake (fussy, not crying), 4: alert, 3: drowsy, 2: light sleep, 1: deep sleep
Neonatal infant pain scale
Birth under 3 months
Facial expression, cry, breathing, arms, legs, alertness
FLACC
3 months to 7 years
Face, legs, activity, cry, consolability
Cries pain scale
Crying, requires O2, increased VS, experession, sleepless
APGAR
Appearance, pulse rate, grimace, activity, respiration
Neuroplasticity
Use it or lose it, use it and improve it, specificity, repetition matters, intensity matters, time matters, salience matters, age matters, transference
Adult circulation
Inferior and superior vena cava to right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to pulmonary valve to pulmonary arteries to lungs (oxygenated) to pulmonary veins to left atrium to bicuspid valve to left ventricle to aortic valve to aorta to body
Fetal circulation
Placenta to umbilical vein to ductus venosus to inferior vena cava to right atrium to (1 path) foramen ovale to left atrium to left ventricle to aorta to hypogastric arteries to umbiical arteries to placenta; second path: right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary trunk through ductus arteriosus to aorta
Trachea will deviate towards
Area of decreased lung volume
Wheezes
Heard on exhalation, vary in pitch and duration, caused by airway constriction and bronchospasm
Crackles
Sounds like popping bubbles, opening and closing of airway, heard in pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, atelectasis
Pleural rub
Sounds like creaking leather, caused by pleural inflammation
Heart sounds s1
Mitral and tricuspid valve closure
Heart sounds s2
Aortic and pulmonary valve closure
Heart sounds s3
Normal in children and young adults, otherwise indicates hypertensive cardiac disease or loss of ventricular compliance
Heart sounds s4
Caused by hypertrophied ventricle
Murmurs
Heard between s1 and s2, sounds like swishing. Should be gone by adolescence.
Breathing in spinal cord injuries
C1-C4: require vent
C5-C7: breathing severely impacted
T1-T5: weakened due to paralyzed mid trunk
T6-T12: mechanics weakened due to paralyzed lower abdominal muscles
VA versus VV ECMO
Venous arterial for cardiac support, venous venous for respiratory support
Functionally blind
Uses braille but lacks vision for environmental tasks
Low vision
Can read with magnification or environmental modification
Totally blind
Must use tactual and auditory learning, no meaningful input through vision
Cranial nerve 1
Olfactory, sensory, smell
