Body Structure And Function Flashcards
Body composition- BMI
Mass (kg)/h^2 (meters)
Overweight BMI: 25-29
Obese BMI: over 30
When is growth deficiency due to malnutrition a problem
After age 4, reduces ultimate stature and may not be reversible
Direct leg length discrepancy
ASIS to medial malleolus
Apparent/functional leg length discrepancy
Umbilicus to medial malleolus
Heart rate norms: Birth to 1 month, up to 3 years, more than 3 years
Birth to 1 month: 100-160
Preterm infant: 120-170
Up to 3 y: 100-180
> 3 years: 70-150
BP norms- birth to 1 month
60-90/30-60
Preterm infant: 55-75/35-45
BP norms: up to 3 years
75-130/45-90
BP norms: > 3 years
90-140/50-80
Respiratory rate norms: birth to 1 month
35-55
Preterm 40-70
Respiratory rate norms: up to 6 y
20-30
Respiratory rate norms 6-10 years
15-25
Respiratory rate norms 10-16
12-30
Early activity scale for Endurance (EASE)
Age range 1.5-5 years
Parent report questionnaire used to determine a child with cerebral palsy’s ability to sustain activity without tiring.
Energy Expenditure Index (Modified EEI)
Child walks comfortably and quickly while wearing a HR monitor
HR and distance walked are recorded after 3 minutes
Heart rate/ distance/3 minutes
6 minute walk test
Age range not specified, have seen norms as low as 5-6 y
Self paced assessment tool to quantify functional exercise capacity in individuals with various cardio respiratory disease
30 second walk test
Child walks as fast as possible for 30 seconds, distance covered is recorded
5-13 years
6 minute push test
Ages 7 and above
Children GMFCS levels II to IV self propel in manual wheelchair
Covers as much distance as possible in 6 minutes
Modified Timed Up and Go
MDC blues for children with Down syndrome and CP GMFCS level 1-3 are available
Age 3-12 years
FITNESSGRAM
Measures fitness in school age children
Assessed criterion referenced standards of physical fitness
Measures strength, endurance aerobic capacity, flexibility, body composition and activity
Presidential Physical Fitness Test
Appropriate for school age children to measure physical fitness
Brockport physical fitness test
A health related assessment for youngsters with disabilities
Ages 10-17 with disabilities
Compatible with and can be used alongside FITNESSGRAM
Adopted by the presidential youth fitness program
Contraindications for exercise testing
Acute febrile condition
Acute inflammatory cardiac disease
Uncontrolled CHF
Asthmatic child with dyspnea at rest or whose FEV or PEF is less than 60% of height
Acute renal disease
Acute hepatitis
Insulin dependent diabetic who did not take prescribed insulin or who is ketoacidotic
Drug overdose affecting cardiorespiratory response to exercise
Quick neurological screening test
Age range: 4y through adulthood
Purpose: identify individuals at risk for learning disabilities. Documents the presence of neurological soft signs, which are thought to indicate delays or reduced cortical neural connectivity
Items addressed: 14 items that screen for: motor maturity and development, sensory processing, gross and fine motor control, motor planning and sequencing, sense of rate and rhythm, spatial organization, visual and auditory perception balance and vestibular function and attention.
Administration: QNST-3R is individually administered, empirically based assessment of the development of motor coordination and sensory processing or neurologic soft signs (NSS). NSS are minor irregularities that include poor motor coordination, Sensory perceptual changes and difficulty sequencing complex motor tasks. Disruptions of NSS can be risks factors for learning disabilities. Subjective ratings compared with cutt off scores in the manual.
New literature suggests a relationship between NSS and sports related concussion (child and adult) and neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer disease and parkinson disease.
Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale
Age Range: 1-5y
Areas Tested: Six observed behaviours (crying, facial expressions, trunk position, touching behavior, and leg position) scored on a 1- to 3-point cale. Operation definitions provided.
CRIES Scale
Birth to 6 mo
Likert scale of intensity of each element
Cries, Require Oxygen, Increased Vital Signs, Expression, Sleep)
Faces Pain Scale
Age Range: 3 to 12 years
Faces indicating pain intensity
FLACC Pain Scale
Faces, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability Behavioral Pain Scale)
Age range: 2mo to 7 years
Used with children unable to communicate their pain. 10 point Likert scale of five criteria: faces, legs, activity, cry, consolability
Individualized Numeric Pain Scales (INPS)
12+
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
12+
Neonatal Infant Pain Scale
Birth to 12 months
Oucher Scale
100- point vertical scale of 6 photos of children’s faces indicating pain intensity
Age Range: 3 to 12 years
Visual Analogue Scale
Age range: 12+y
Child indicates pain intensity on a vertical or horizontal continuum
Gauvain-Piquard Rating
2-6 years
15 behaviors divided into 3 sub scales: pain, behavior, and psychomotor alterations
