values Flashcards
1
Q
alpha amylase
A
<180 Unit/liter
2
Q
ALAT (alanine aminotransferase, GPT)
A
< 45 unit/ liter
3
Q
ASAT (aspartate-aminotransferase, GOT)
A
< 45 unit/ liter
4
Q
ALP (alkaline phosphatase)
A
< 150 Unit / Liter
5
Q
Creatinkinase
A
< 200 U/ liter
6
Q
GGT (gamma-glutamyl-transpepitade)
A
<60 U/ Liter
7
Q
LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)
A
<160 Unit/ liter
8
Q
Ph
A
7.35-7.45
9
Q
PC02
A
35-45mmHg
10
Q
standard bicarbonate (st Hco-3)
A
21-26 mmol/l
11
Q
BE (base excess)
A
0+/-3 mmol/l
12
Q
P02
A
80-105mmHg
13
Q
O2saturation
A
95-98%
14
Q
Creatinine clearance (for 1.73 m2 body surface)
A
120-125 ml/min
15
Q
urine volume
A
1000-1500ml/ 24hours
16
Q
ph in urine
A
4.5-8.0
17
Q
specific gravity-Density. (renal function)
A
1.010-1.035kg/L
18
Q
osmolar concentration (urine)
A
600-1200mosm/kg
19
Q
urinary sediment (per field)
A
<1-3RBC, <3-5 WBC
20
Q
sodium plasma
A
135-145 mmol/l
21
Q
potassium
A
3.5-5.0mmol/l
22
Q
calcium
A
2.2-2.6mmol/l
23
Q
chloride
A
95-105mmol/l
24
Q
iron (female and male)
A
female: 11-30 umol/l
male 12-36 umol/l
25
TIBC (total iron binding capacity- female and male)
female 45-70 umol/l
| male 50-80 umol/l
26
bilirubin total
< 17umol/l
27
bilirubin total (direct reacting?)
<5umol/l
28
glucose (fasting)
3.0-6.0 mmol/L
29
uric acid
150-400 umol/l
30
carbamid
3.5-7.0mmol/l
31
creatinin
40-130umol/l
32
cholesterol(total)
3.6-5.2 mmol/l
33
hdl-cholesterol
1.0-1.6mmol/l
34
Triglycerides
0.8-2.3 mmol/l
35
total protein in plasma/serum
60-80g/l
36
albumin in serum / plasma
35-50g/l
37
A/G (albumin/globulin quotient)
1.25-2.5
38
CRP (c-reactive protein)
1-8 mg/l
39
RBC count-female/ male
female 3.8-5.2 Tera/L
| male 4.4-5.5 Tera/L
40
hemoglobin (HGB)-female/ male
Female- 120-165 gram/liter
| male- 135-170 gram/liter
41
Hematocrit (PCV)
female- 0.37-0.47 L/L (SI units)
| Male: 0.40-0.54 L/L
42
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
80-95 fl (femtoliter= 10^-15)
43
mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
28-33 pg (pico=10^-12gram)
44
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concetration (MCHC)
320-360 g/l
45
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, westergren)
<20 mm/h
46
reticulocyte count (relative to rbc)
0.5-2.0%
47
platelet count (PLT)
150-400 G/l (giga= 10^9/L)
48
white blood cell count (WBC)
4-10G/l (giga/liter)
49
```
differential blood count:
neutrophil,juvenile (metamyelocyte)
neutrophil, band
neutrophil segment
eosinophil
basophil
monocyte
lymphocyte
```
```
neutrophil,juvenile (metamyelocyte) 0-1%
neutrophil, band 3-5%
neutrophil segment 50-70%
eosinophil 2-4%
basophil 0-1%
monocyte 2-6%
lymphocyte 20-40%
```
50
```
hemostasis parameters:
Bleeding time
prothrombin time (PT, INR)
aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)
thrombin time
fibrinogen
```
Bleeding time- 4-6min- to check primary hemostasis.
prothrombin time (PT, INR)- 0.8-1.2- checks extrinsic pathway
aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) 35-45sec- checks intrinsic pathway
thrombin time- 20-22 sec
fibrinogen- 1.5-4.0 g/l
51
LDL‐cholesterol
< 3,4 mmol/l
52
actual bicarbonate
24mmol/l
the actual conc of bicarbonate in the blood sample. reflects the metabolic side mainly but influenced by respiration as well.
53
buffer base
the overall base content of the blood. reflects the metabolic side. normal value:
45-52mmol/L
54
base excess
base deficit. reflects the metabolic side.
positive: base excess or lack of acids.
negative lack of base or acid excess.
normal value: 0+- 3.
55
anion gap
[Na+] – ([Cl -] + [HCO3-]) = 12+-2 mmol/L
AG > 12 mmol/L: (H++UA-) is added
• If AG > 20 mmol/L then there is primary metabolic acidosis regardless of pH or HCO3-
.
AG = 12 mmol/L non AG acidosis->loss of HCO3-> hyperchloremic
acidosis
56
serum osmolar gap
Osm.Gap.= 2 x [Na+] + [glucose] + [urea] – Osmmeas
• If Osm.Gap > 15 mosmol/kg H2O
• Ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, glycine,
mannitol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, chronic renal
failure
57
urinary anion gap
Urinary Anion-Gap (UAG)
Useful in differential diagnosis of hyperchloremic
acidosis (Non AG acidosis)
Differentiate between renal and extra-renal cause of
normal anion gap
Calculated as (UNa+ + UK+) – UCl-
if: UAG < -10-> Extra-renal : Cl- >> Na+ + K+ which suggests appropriate urinary NH4+ excretion-> GI. loss of HCO3-
UAG > +10
if:Renal: Cl- << Na+ + K+ suggests inadequate NH4
+ excretion in urine
RTA with distal acidification defect
