Values

Question 1

What are values?

Answer 1

Values are the foundation upon which attitudes and personal preferences are formed.
They are the basis for crucial decisions, life directions, and personal tastes.
They help define our morality and our conception of what is “good”.

Question 2

What do our value systems allow us to do?

Answer 2

They allow us to organize, prioritize, and make decisions, and is the means whereby we make personal and professional decisions and choices

Question 3

What is a professional?

Answer 3

• Participating for gain or livelihood in an activity or field of endeavor often engaged in by amateurs
• Having a particular profession as a permanent career
• Engaged in by persons receiving financial return

Question 4

What do values determine?

Answer 4

Values determine who we are, what we do, how we think, and how we interact with others. Values determine our beliefs and attitudes about what is good, right, and worthwhile

Question 5

Describe instrumental values

Answer 5

They prescribe standards of conduct or methods for attaining an end

Question 6

Describe terminal values

Answer 6

They prescribe desirable ends or goals

Question 7

Violating these causes feelings of guilt

Answer 7

Moral values

Question 8

Violating these causes brings feelings of shame

Answer 8

Competency values

Question 9

What are the two types of instrumental values?

Answer 9

Moral values and competency values

Question 10

What are the 3 parts of values maturity triangle?

Answer 10

1. Self-centered
2. Conforming
3. Principled

Question 11

At this level of the maturity triangle you judge something as right or good if it helps an individual to obtain a reward or avoid a punishment.

Answer 11

Self-centered

Question 12

At this level of the maturity triangle laws and rules are viewed as being outside themselves

Answer 12

Self-centered and Conforming

Question 13

At this level of the maturity triangle people want to be seen as being obedient, and they seek respect and acceptance of others

Answer 13

Conforming

Question 14

If there is a choice between obeying or breaking a law or obeying a principle, they choose the principle at this level of the maturity triangle

Answer 14

Principled

Question 15

Does this decision mostly benefit those with privilege?

Answer 15

Equal Treatment Test

Question 16

What is the difference between a decision and a choice in ethical decision making?

Answer 16

A decision kills the other alternatives

A choice allows one to select freely and after consideration

Question 17

What are 3 things that Ethical Decision Making can be affected by?

Answer 17

1. Emotional State
2. Incompetence
3. Physical and mental disorders

Question 18

Is this decision or action consistent with my espoused personal values?

Answer 18

Congruence Test

Question 20

What are the 4 parts of Ethical Decision Making?

Answer 20

1. Gather relevant facts
   - What have others said about the issue?
   - Look to reliable, trustworthy sources of info
2. Determine conflicting values
   - Effect on me, my family, my reputation, my practice
3. List the options
   - List options with pros and cons, and consider alternative options
4. Decide and justify solution
   - Use rational thought as well as that “gut feeling”, “intuition”, or the “still, small voice” that everyone has that prompts to do good and make wise choices and decisions

Question 20

Is the basic humanity of the affected parties enhanced?

Answer 20

Dignity and Liberty Test

Question 21

Would I feel comfortable justifying my decision to a patient? (What test?)

Answer 21

Front page test

Question 23

What is professionalism?

Answer 23

Professionalism is the cluster of commitments and behaviors shared by the members of a profession through which they exhibit the values, principles, and norms they hold in common as members of their profession

Question 24

Does it violate the spirit of any organizational policies or laws?

Answer 24

Congruence Test

Question 25

Are the rights, welfare, and betterment of minorities and people labeled as lower status given full consideration?

Answer 25

Equal Treatment Test

Question 26

Does a benefit for some cause unacceptable harm to others?

Answer 26

Cost-Benefit Test

Question 27

How critical is the benefit: Can the harmful effects be mitigated?

Answer 27

Cost-Benefit Test

Question 28

At this level of the maturity triangle right and wrong are judged on the basis of internalized experiences

Answer 28

Principled

Question 29

What is professional?

Answer 29

• Of, relating to, or characteristic of a profession
• Engaged in one of the learned professions
• Characterized by or conforming to the cognitive, technical, and ethical standards of a profession

Question 30

Are the dignity and liberty of others preserved by this decision? (What test?)

Answer 30

Dignity and Liberty Test

Question 30

Are their opportunities expanded or curtailed?

Answer 30

Dignity and Liberty Test