Values

Question 1

1 day [s]

Answer 1

1e5 s

Question 2

1 yr [s]

Answer 2

3e7 s

Question 3

Earth radius

Answer 3

6e6 m

Question 4

Earth mass

Answer 4

6e24 kg

Question 5

Avogadro’s number

Answer 5

6e23

Question 6

Atm pressure at sea level

Answer 6

1e5 Pa

Question 7

US per cap. energy use

Answer 7

10 kW / person

Question 8

World per cap. energy use

Answer 8

2 kW / person

Question 9

mammal metabolism [W/kg]

Answer 9

1 W/kg

Question 10

1 eV [J]

Answer 10

2e-19 J

Question 11

1 atomic radius (Å) [m]

Answer 11

1e-10 m

Question 12

latent heat of vaporization (water)

Answer 12

2e6 J/kg

Question 13

energy dens. of gasoline [J/kg]

Answer 13

5e7 J/kg

Question 14

density of air

Answer 14

1 kg/m^3

Question 15

gas constant R

Answer 15

8 J/K.mol

Question 16

J per 1 kW.hr (enough to power a TV for one day)

Answer 16

4e6 J

Question 17

Planck’s constant

Answer 17

7e-34 J.s or m2kg/s

Question 18

Boltzmann’s constant

Answer 18

1e-23 J/K

Question 19

1 kCal [J]

Answer 19

4e3 J

Question 20

sound speed for iron/water/air

Answer 20

iron: 5e3 m/s
water: 1e3 m/s
air: 300 m/s

Question 21

mean free path (λ) for gas and solid

Answer 21

gas: 1e-7
solid: 1e-10 m (atomic radius)

Question 22

intermolecular binding energy, sol/liq/gas [eV]

Answer 22

solid: 1 eV
liquid: 0.3 eV
gas: 0 eV

Question 23

atomic spacing of sol, liq, gas

Answer 23

solid/liq: ~atomic size (1e-10 m)

gases: ~10x atomic size (1e-9 m)

Question 24

intramolecular binding energy [eV]

Answer 24

3 eV

Question 25

general gas diffusivity

Answer 25

1e-4 m2/s

Question 26

wavelength of visible light

Answer 26

5e-7 m

Question 27

“scale height” of the atmosphere

Answer 27

1e4 m (10 km)

Question 28

solar energy per m^2

Answer 28

1e3 W/m^2 - outer atmosphere

300 W/m^2 - actual Earth’s surface at the equator (~100 at higher latitudes)

Question 29

ratios of Earth, moon, Jupiter, and Sun radii

Answer 29

Moon: 1/4 Earth radius
Jupiter: 10x Earth radius
Sun: 100x Earth radius

Question 30

thermal conductivity, k, for gas, liquid water, solids, metals

Answer 30

gas: 0.03 W/m.K
liquid water: 0.6
solids: 1
metals: 100

Question 31

c_p of water

Answer 31

4e3 J/kg.K

Question 32

κ (thermal diffusivity) for solids, air, and gases generally

Answer 32

solids (rock, ice): 1e-6 m^2/s
air (bulk): 2e-5 m^2/s
other gases: 1e-4 m^2/s
(you can also estimate this from other equations… and I might recommend it)

Question 33

latent heat of fusion, water

Answer 33

3e5 J/kg

Question 34

average depth of the ocean

Answer 34

4 km

Question 35

Earth surface area

Answer 35

5e14 m^2

Question 36

mass diffusivity of liquids

Answer 36

1e-9 m^2/s

Question 37

Reynolds numbers for turbulent and laminar flow

Answer 37

Laminar: Re < 1e3
Turbulent: Re > 1e4

Question 38

Turbulent length scales, L, for atmosphere and surface ocean

Answer 38

Atmosphere: 100-1000 m

Surface ocean: 50-200 m

Question 39

Q, damping factor (# of cycles)

Answer 39

100 if you don’t know

otherwise use intuition—tennis ball ~10, water in a tub ~ 3-4, etc.

Question 40

Stefan-Boltzmann constant

Answer 40

6e-8 W/m^2.K^4

Question 41

elementary particle masses

Answer 41

electron: 1e-30 kg

proton & neutron: 2e-27 kg

Question 42

proton radius

Answer 42

1e-15 m

Question 43

dynamic viscosity of water

Answer 43

1e-3 Pa.s

Question 44

dynamic viscosity of air

Answer 44

1e-5 Pa.s

Question 45

specific heat capacity (c_p) of air

Answer 45

1e3 J/kg.K

Question 46

specific heat capacity (c_p) of rock

Answer 46

1e3 J/kg.K

Question 47

dynamic viscosity of rock

Answer 47

1e19-1e24 Pa.s

Question 48

energy content of fats/carbs/protein

Answer 48

fat: 9 kCal/g

protein/carbs: 4 kCal/g