Validity of Study Results: Error and Bias

Question 1

What is random error?

Answer 1

the result of fluctuations around a true value because of the sample population. Random error can result from poorly worded questions or misunderstanding of questions.

Question 2

What is systematic error?

Answer 2

any error other than random error.

Question 3

What is section bias?

Answer 3

bias that occurs when selection of participants for a study is affected by an unknown variable that is associated with the exposure and outcome being measured.

Question 4

What is recall bias?

Answer 4

When studied, some subjects may more easily recall specific habits related to a disease or condition than subjects not affected with the disease or condition.

Question 5

What is confounding bias?

Answer 5

bias resulting from mixing effects of several factors. Unlike selection and information bias, confounding bias deals with causation and not variations in study results.