Validity

Question 1

Construct validity

Answer 1

The degree to which the conceptualization of what is being measured or experimentally manipulated is what is claimed, such as the constructs that are measured by psychological tests or that serve as a link between independent and dependent variables

Question 2

Content validity

Answer 2

The adequate sampling of the relevant material or content that a test purports to measure.

Question 3

Convergent and discrimination validity

Answer 3

the grounds established for a construct based on the convergence of related tests or behavior (convergent validity) and the distinctiveness of unrelated tests or behavior (discriminant validity)

Question 4

Criterion validity

Answer 4

The degree to which a test or questionnaire is correlated with outcome criteria in the present ( its concurrent validity) or the future (its predictive validity)

Question 5

External validity

Answer 5

The degree of generalizability of a relationship over different people, settings, manipulations (or treatments), and research outcomes.

Question 6

Face validity

Answer 6

The degree to which a test or other instrument “looks as if” it is measuring something relevant.

Question 7

Internal validity

Answer 7

The soundness of statements about whether one variable is the cause of a particular outcome, especially the ability to rule out plausible rival hypotheses.

Question 8

Statistical-conclusion validity

Answer 8

The accuracy of drawing certain statistical conclusions, such as an estimation of the magnitude of the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable ( a statistical relationship that is called the effect size) or an estimation of the degree of statistical significance of a particular statistical test.