TEST 1: CH 1 DEFINITIONS Flashcards
ad hoc hypothesis
A conjecture or supposition developed on the spot “ for this” special result.
Aesthetic aspect of science
science having the idea of “beauty or elegance”
Wow this is a beautiful project
A priori method
people rely primarily on the individual powers of reason and logic to make sense of the world and to explain it to others.
Behavioral research
covers the use of empirical reasoning (careful logic, organized observation, and measurement) from different methodological vantage points in an effort to understand how and why people act, perceive, feel, and think as they do.
Relational (correlational) research
two or more variables or conditions are measured and their degree of relationship is assessed.
Descriptive research
careful mapping our of a situation or set of events.
empirical
based on observation
empirical reasoning
a combination of careful logic, organized observation, and measurement that is open to scrutiny by others.
experimental research
The objective of which is the identification of causes ( what leads to what)
method of authority
Peirce’s term for the presumption that something is true because someone in a position of authority says it is.
method of tenacity
most primitive approach of all because it is bound by tradition and involves clinging to claims or beliefs because they have been around for a while.
perceptibility
scientists often use images in the form of analogies to explain the operation of complicated phenomena.
rhetoric of justification
the concepts and specialized terms that young scientists learn to rely on to build arguments leading to particular conclusions.
