Validity

Question 1

Reliability refers to when taking _______ ________, will they ______________________

Answer 1

= taking multiple measurements, will they be consistent

Question 2

test-retest reliability refers to what?

Answer 2

Measuring the same thing at two different time points, will they match

Question 3

Test-retest reliability can be visualized in an

A Aldermann Plot
B Q-Q plot
C Altman plot
D both B and C

Answer 3

C Altman plot

Question 4

Internal consistency refers to if _____ of the same _______ are _________. It can be measured using ___-_____ correlations, obtaining a ________ alpha.

Answer 4

Internal consistency = if items of the same category are consistent/correlated
tested using split half correlation obtaining Cronbach’s alpha value

Question 5

What is inter-rater reliability?
How can it be measured?
What is the test value?

Answer 5

If 2 separate observers/ researchers give the same rating/result
interclass correlation, Cohen’s K

Question 6

What does construct validity refer to?

Answer 6

How well a measure relates to the theoretical concept you are studying

Question 7

Construct validity has what 3 main components

Answer 7

describing concepts and relationships
developing measures based on theory
empirically test relationships

Question 8

Content validity refers to how well a ____________________________________

Answer 8

how well a measure relates all facets in a given construct

Question 9

Something can only be labelled an experiment if there is _____________

A at least one variable
B a control variable
C A manipulation
D none of the above

Answer 9

C A manipulation

Question 10

Internal validity refers to how well an experiment ___________________________

Answer 10

how well an experiment captures a manipulated change
captures the causal relationship

Question 11

Confounds are threats to _______ _______. They can affect both the _______ variable and the ________ variable. They interfere with the ______ ________.

Answer 11

Confounds = threats to internal validity
can affect dependent variable and independent variable
interfere with causal relationship

Question 12

What are 3 threats to internal validity to do with participants?

Answer 12

Participant selection
participant motivation
maturation

Question 13

What are 3 threats to internal validity to do with testing and measuring?

Answer 13

experimenter training
equipment decay - faulty measure
lack of random assignment

Question 14

What is external validity?

Answer 14

how well findings relate to irl and conceptually similar circumstances
generalizability

Question 15

There is typically a trade off between ______ validity and ______ validity/________

Answer 15

typically trade off between external validity and internal validity/control

Question 16

When ensuring external validity, we must make sure our study findings will relate to
other ________
other_________
other________
and other________

Answer 16

other outcome measures
other people
other manipulations
other settings

Question 17

What 3 other main validities are concerned with external validity?

Answer 17

population validity
ecological validity
multiple treatment inference (carry over effects)

Question 18

Population validity refers to how well the _____ captures the _______

Answer 18

how well sample captures population

Question 19

True or false, population validity is only concerned with humans, not animals.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

W.E.I.R.D stands for

Answer 20

Western
Eductated
Industrialized
Rich
Democratic

Question 21

S.T.R.A.N.G.E stands for

Answer 21

social background
trappability
rearing history
acclimation
Natural changes in responsiveness
genetic make-up
experience

Question 22

Ecological validity refers to how well findings generalise to a ______ _______ setting

Answer 22

refers to how well findings generalize to a real world setting