Validity Flashcards
What is internal validity?
Study measures what it intends to measure
What is external validity?
Study paints a picture of real-life behaviours and how they would apply to different places, times, or people
What are validity issues?
Researcher bias - researcher directly/indirectly influences the study’s results
Demand characteristics - participants unconsciously work out the aim and act differently
Social desirability - participants give responses they think will show them in the best possible light
How can validity issues be dealt with?
Double blind procedure - researcher collecting data and participants don’t know the true aims of the study
Single blind procedure - participant is unaware of research hypothesis until their role is complete
Giving anonymity and confidentiality - reduces the effect of social desirability
How can validity be assessed?
- Face validity
- Predictive validity
- Content validity
- Concurrent validity
- Construct validity
What is face validity?
Whether the test appears to measure what it claims to, where it is high in tests with clear purpose
What is predictive validity?
Degree to which a test accurately forecasts a future outcome on a breoadl related topic
What is content validity?
Objectively checking whether the method of measuring behaviour is accurate, where it decides whether it is a fair test and achieves the study’s aims
Achieved by asking an expert to check the validity
What is concurrent validity?
Validating a measurement by comaring it with an established measurement with known validity
Is present if results are simila, but it results aren’t somilar tests has to be redesigned and tested
What is construct validity?
Looks at whether results reflect the phenomena as a whole
Achieved by checking existing definitions of the behaviour being tested, and redesigning the test if a different construct is measured
