validity

Question 1

what is internal validity? what does it mean to lack internal validity?

Answer 1

-questions the cause and effect relationship between the change the researcher made to the IV and the change observed in the DV
-if the change in the DV was caused by anything other than the IV it lacks internal validity.

Question 1

what is external validity?

Answer 1

• questions if findings can be generalised beyond the study.

Question 2

What can low internal validity be caused by?

Answer 2

-social desirability bias (ppts hide their true behaviour to look better)
-demand characteristics (ppts think theyve discovered the aim so change behaviour)
-investigator effects (researcher behaviour influences ppts)
-uncontrolled extraneous variables

Question 3

What is external validity influenced by?

Answer 3

-ecological validity (can it be applied to a diff environment?)
-mundane realism (is it similar to everyday experiences?)
-population validity (is it representative of the population?)
-temporal validity (can it be applied to other time periods?)

Question 4

How can internal validity be improved?

Answer 4

-random allocation
-standard procedures
-counterbalancing
-single & double blind trials
-peer review

Question 5

How can external validity be improved?

Answer 5

-replicating findings using real world tasks
-replicating findings in multiple settings
-replicating findings with diverse groups
-replicating historical studies