validity Flashcards
what is validity?
the degree to which results accurately measure what they are supposed to
what is internal validity?
whether the results are due to manipulation of the IV without the influence of confounding variables
how can internal validity be improved?
reducing investigator effects
minimising demand characteristics
using standardised instructions and random samples
what is external validity?
refers to the extent to which an experimental effect can be generalised to other settings (ecological validity), other people (population validity) and over time (temporal validity)
how can external validity be improved?
by setting experiments in more naturalistic settings
what are the 4 ways of assessing validity?
-face validity
-concurrent validity
-predictive validity
-temporal validity
what is face validity?
the extent to which items look like what a test claims to measure (‘eyeballing’)
what is concurrent validity?
correlates scores on a test with another that is accepted as valid
what is predictive validity?
predicts how well a test predicts future behaviour
what is temporal validity?
the extent to which findings remain true over time
