Valid/Invalid Arguments

Question 1

Define: Validity

Answer 1

the property of arguments not statements. Arguments are valid or invalid. Not true or false

AN ARGUMENT CANNOT BE TRUE; IT CAN ONLY BE VALID

Question 2

Define: Truth

Answer 2

property of sentence. Truth is in sentences bot arguments.

AN ARGUMENT CANNOT BE TRUE; IT CAN ONLY BE VALID

Question 3

Valid or Invalid:
A --> B 
A 
------- 
B

All boys like to play computer games. Tom is a boy.
Therefore, Tom likes to play computer games.

Answer 3

VALID

Question 4

Valid or Invalid:
A-->B 
/B 
------ 
/A 

All doctors treat patients. Hercules does not treat patients.
Therefore, Hercules is not a doctor.

Answer 4

VALID

Question 5

Valid or Invalid:
A–>B–>C
——————
A–>C

Everyone has the capacity to love. Having the capacity to love requires compassion. Therefore everyone has compassion.

Answer 5

VALID

Question 6

Valid or Invalid:
A some B –> C
———————–
A some C

Some dogs are cute. All cute things are lovable. Therefore, some dogs are lovable.

Also:

B some A
B–>C
————-
A some C

Answer 6

VALID

Question 7

Valid or Invalid:
A -most-> B–>C
————————-
A-most->C

Also: 
A -most-> B 
B-->C 
---------------- 
A -most-> C 

Most cats are aloof. Everything that is aloof is arrogant. Therefore, most cats are arrogant.

Answer 7

VALID

Question 8

Valid or Invalid:
A-->B 
A-->C 
------------ 
B some C 

All turtle know Kung Fu. All turtles are names after italian artists. Therefore, some things that know kung fu are names after italian artists.

Answer 8

VALID

Question 9

Valid or Invalid:
A  --> B 
A some C 
------------------ 
B some C 

Also:

Every freedom fighter is a leader.
Some freedom fighters are badasses.
Therefore some leaders are badasses.

Answer 9

VALID

Question 10

Valid or Invalid:
A -->  B 
A -most-> C 
-------------------- 
B some C 

All lions like to nap. Most lions like to eat meat. Therefore some animals like to eat meat but also nap.

Answer 10

VALID

Question 11

Valid or Invalid:
A -most-> B 
A -most-> C 
----------------- 
B some C 

Also

Most turtles are delicious to eat. Most turtles know kung fu. Therefore some things that are delicious to eat know kung fu.

Answer 11

VALID

Question 12

Valid or Invalid:
A --> B 
B 
---------- 
A

All Jedi use the Force. Darth Vader uses the force. Therefore Darth Vader is a Jedi.

Answer 12

INVALID

This could be the case. But it does not have to be. There can be force users who are not jedi.

Question 13

Valid or Invalid:
A-->B 
/A 
------- 
/B 

all stars are beautiful. Orchids are not stars. Therefore, orchids are not beautiful.

Answer 13

INVALID

Question 14

Valid or Invalid:
A –> B some C
———————–
A some C

all dogs are cute. Some cute things are lovable. Therefore some dogs are loveable.

Answer 14

INVALID

Question 15

Valid or Invalid:
A–>B -most-> C
—————————
A-most-> C

All taxi drivers are men. Most men hate driving. Therefore most taxi drivers hate driving.

Answer 15

INVALID

This argument could be false. There is the possibility that there can be even 1 taxi driver that doesn’t hat driving. So this does not have to be true.

Question 16

Valid or Invalid:
A some B some C
—————————–
A some C

Some dishes in the castles are antiques. Some antiques are worth a lot of money. Thereofre, dished in the castle are worth a lot of money.

Answer 16

INVALID

Question 17

Valid or Invalid:
A-most->B -most-> C
——————————
A -most-> C

Also:

A some C

Most runners buy running shoes. Most people who buy running shoes don’t like to run. Most runners don’t like to run.

Answer 17

INVALID

Question 18

Valid or Invalid: 
A some B 
A some C 
----------------------- 
B some C 

Some astronauts are brave. Some astronauts are smart. Therefore some astronauts are brave and smart.

Answer 18

INVALID

Question 19

VALID FORMULA:

Answer 19

Affirming the sufficient, negating the necessary, existential before universal serial argument strings

Question 20

INVALID FORMULA:

Answer 20

Affirming the necessary, negating the sufficient, universal before existential serial argument strings.