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Pharm 129 > Vaginal Hygiene > Flashcards

Vaginal Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

What do Bartholin’s glands do

A

produce secretions in response to sexual stimulation

can become clogged/form cysts

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2
Q

How does the vagina become acidic

A
  1. during puberty, cells become stratified squamous and can store glycogen
  2. L. bacillus species use it to create lactic acid
  3. Vagina has more acidic pH (3.8 - 4.2)
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3
Q

What are factors that can affect vaginal ecosystem

A

Hormonal fluctuations - during menses, pH is higher
Drug Therapy - AB rid L. bacillus
Systemic Diseases - diabetes
Hygiene Measures - ex. vaginal douche
Number of sexual partners - introduces more organisms

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4
Q

Leukorrhea

A
  • Normal vaginal discharge that varies in quantity, consistency and appearance throughout the menstrual cycle
  • consists of endocervical mucus, serum transudate from vaginal capillary beds, endogenous vaginal flora, and
    epithelial cells.
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5
Q

What is the normal amount of vaginal discharge

A

4 mL/24 hours

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6
Q

What can change amount of discharge

A
  • Emotional stress
  • Ovulation (egg white - sticky)
  • Pregnancy (more)
  • Exercise (runny)
  • Sexual excitement (mixed with bartholin gland secretions)
  • Certain medications (NuvaRing)
  • Certain medical conditions (PCOS)
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7
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

  • healthy discharge
  • pregnancy
  • ovulation
  • hormonal imbalances
A

Clear

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8
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

  • healthy discharge
  • yeast infection
A

White

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9
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

- STI

A

yellow-green

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10
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

  • menstruation
  • cervical infection
  • cervical polyp
  • endometrial or cervical cancer
A

Red

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11
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

  • cervical bleeding
  • vaginal irritation
  • implantation bleeding
  • if you become pregnant during cycle
A

Pink

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12
Q

What colour is the discharge during:

- bacterial vaginosis

A

Gray

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13
Q

Odour of discharge?

A

should never have a bad or repulsive odour

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14
Q

Discharge in newborns

A

There may be a small amount of vaginal discharge +/- bleeding for up to 2 weeks after birth

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15
Q

Discharge during reproductive years

A

Amount and consistency varies partly due to cyclical estrogen and progesterone

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16
Q

Discharge during menopause

A

Amount of discharge decreases as estrogen levels fall

increase in pH and more prone to infection

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17
Q

Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge is a sign of which diseases

A
  • cervical cancer
  • ovarian cancer
  • uterine cancer
  • vaginal cancer
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18
Q

Red Flags

A

If presenting with vaginal discharge and…

  • Pregnancy
  • Prepubertal child
  • Fever or pain in pelvis or abdomen
  • Persistent and unusually strong vaginal odour
  • Inflammation, pain, blisters or ulcers on the vagina or vulva
  • Significant change in odour, viscosity, volume and/or colour of vaginal discharge
  • Painful urination and/or sexual intercourse
  • Suspected foreign object
  • Have had a sexual partner with an STI (or if sexual partner is experiencing similar symptoms)
  • Unusual bleeding
  • Abnormally strong itching or burning sensation
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19
Q

What is S in SCHOLAR

A
  1. colour of discharge
  2. quantity/consistency
  3. odour
20
Q

C in SCHOLAR

A
  • irritation (burning/itching)

- changes compared to normal

21
Q

H in SCHOLAR

A
  • happened before

- past treatment

22
Q

O in SCHOLAR

A
  • onset
  • chronic?
  • did anything change when it started (ex. started AB)
23
Q

L in SCHOLAR

A
  • where is the itching
24
Q

H in HAMS

A
  • diabetes
  • immunocompromised (HIV)
  • menopause
25
Q

A in HAMS

A
  • latex allergies (itching)
26
Q

M in HAMS

A
  • estrogen (contraceptive)
  • CI with antifungals (warfarin)
  • AB
  • immunosupressants
27
Q

S in HAMS

A
  • hygiene: how do you wash, what products
  • sexual history: sexually active, # of partners
  • menstrual history: age of first period
  • caffeine/alcohol/smoking
  • occupation: swimmers need to change out of wet suits
  • what type of underwear?
28
Q

Hygiene steps for prevention

A
  • Keep genital area CLEAN and DRY; wipe from front to back
  • Avoid OTC feminine hygiene products & douches
  • Change sanitary pads & tampons regularly; Practice safe sex
29
Q

Clothing steps for prevention

A

• Choose 100% cotton underwear (avoid synthetic, silk, or nylon)
`• Avoid tight or restrictive synthetic clothing; avoid thongs
• Promptly change out of wet clothes/swimsuits

30
Q

Diet steps for prevention

A
  • Balanced, nutritious diet
  • Drink sufficient fluids
  • Eat yogurt (8 oz/day) with live cultures
31
Q

T/F: Rx and nonRx are usually not necessary

A

True

  • depends on infection (may require AB or antifungal)
  • Sitz bath (using epsom salts) can be used adjunctively
32
Q

Genital towelettes MOA

A

Cleanses outside of vagina; eliminates odour-causing bacteria

33
Q

Genital towelettes examples

A
  • Vagisil Feminine Wipes
  • Summer’s Eve Cloths
  • Always Wipes
  • Coolwipes (Monistat)
34
Q

Are genital towelettes safe

A

Safe for occasional use

  • avoid alcohol/fragrance
  • can be irritating
35
Q

Genital washes and gels MOA

A

Cleanses external genitalia; eliminates odour-causing bacteria

36
Q

Genital washes and gels examples

A
  • Vagisil Feminine Wash pH Balance (topical wash, pH of vulva not important)
  • Poise Intimate Liquid Wash
  • Summer’s Eve Wash
37
Q

Are genital washes and gels recommended?

A

Provide no additional benefit over mild soap & water

38
Q

GENITAL DEODORANT SPRAYS MOA

A

Eliminates odour- causing bacteria; absorbs moisture; prevents chaffing

39
Q

Genital Deodorant Spray Examples

A
  • Vagisil Deodorant Powder
  • Summer’s Eve Deodorant Spray
  • contain lots of alcohol/fragrance
  • need to treat odour, not mask it
40
Q

Are Genital Deodorant Sprays recommended

A

NO

  • may mask odour of infections
  • high incidence of irritation and allergic reaction
41
Q

Vaginal itching creams MOA

A

Reduce vaginal and vulvar irritation and itching

42
Q

Vaginal itching creams

A
  • Vagisil Cream
  • Vagisil Cream X-Strength
  • Monistat Derm Cream
  • Canesten External Cream
43
Q

Are vaginal itching creams recommended?

A

Some contain benzocaine & resorcinol and should only be used upon advice from a physician

44
Q

Vaginal douches MOA

A

Cleanses inside of vagina; eliminates odour-causing bacteria

45
Q

Vaginal douches examples

A
  • Summer’s Eve X-Clean
  • Vinegar/Water Douche
  • Massengil Vinegar/Water
46
Q

Are vaginal douches recommended?

A

NO

CI in pregnancy, PID, STI. *Not recommended for any woman!

Pharm 129 (14 decks)

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