Vaginal Cytology/Jugular

Question 1

Estrous Cycles

Dogs

Answer 1

Proestrus - Bleeding

Estrus - Breed (12-21days)

Diestrus

Anestrus

Estrus cycle: 5-12 months

Question 2

Vaginal cytology Cells

Answer 2

(A) - Parabasal - Anestrus, Diestrus

(B&C) Intermediate - Proestrus

(C) Superfiial - Estrus

(D) Anuclear - Estrus

Question 3

Vaginal Cytology Technique

Answer 3

• Insert Cotton swab with little saline
• 45 degree angle to the roof of vagina
• Roll and collect epithelial cells

Pyometra

Breeding cycle (Stages of estrous)

Question 4

Jugular Blood Draw

Answer 4

Dog is awake

Sternal recumbancy

17g needle

heparinized saline flush

Pull 3cc of blood and saline

then put back 3cc

Question 5

Jugular cathether

Answer 5

Dog is sedated

Lateral recumbancy

Measures CVP, Fluid pressure in right atrium/anterior vena cava

Use: Electronic pressure transducer or water manometer

Normal: 0-4 or 0-5 cm H20

Question 6

Anal Gland

Answer 6

Ventral medial: 4:00 & 8:00

Clear brownish fluid

Low viscosity

Expression

Cats: Squeeze outside

Dogs: Squeeze inside anus

Issues

• Tumor
• Bacterial overgrowth
• Abcess
• Infection
• Impacted

Treatments

Cannulation - dilute with chlorohex and flush anal glad fluid

Anal sacculectomy

Antibiotic

Question 7

Cystocentesis

Answer 7

Sterile

No shave

Left lateral or dorsal recumbancy

standing

Alcohol prep

UA: 1.5 - 2 cc

Culture: 1.5 - 2 cc

22g needle, 1 1/2 inch

other methods

free catch

catheterization

Question 8

Chamber/Mask Induction

Advantages/Disadvantages

Procedure

Answer 8

Advantages

for aggressive animals, safe for personnels

Good for liver/kidney disease

Fast recovery

Disadvantages

Vomiting

Waste gas exposure

Difficult to monitor vitals

MasK Procedure

Give 100% O2 for 1-2 minutes (2-3L/min)

Set vaporizer at 0.5% Iso and slowly increase to 3-4%

Chamber Procedure

Give 3-5L/min of O2 with 4-5% iso

Switch to mask induction when it loses ability to stand

Monitor vitals

ET