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Phase 3a Paeds > Vaccines and general > Flashcards

Vaccines and general Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 vaccines are given to adults, what age?

A

> 65
Flu (anually)
PCV (Pneumococcal vaccine)
Shingles

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2
Q

When are vaccines given <1y?

A

8 weeks (2 months)
12 weeks (3 months)
16 weeks (4 months)
12 months

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3
Q

what vaccines are given at 8 weeks (2 months) ?

A

6 in 1 (first dose)
Oral rotavirus
Men B

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4
Q

what vaccines are given at 12 weeks (3 months) ?

A

6 in 1 (second dose)
Oral rotavirus (2nd dose)
PCV (Pneumococcal vaccine)

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5
Q

what vaccines are given at 16 weeks (4 months) ?

A

6 in 1 (3rd dose)
Men B (2nd dose)

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6
Q

what vaccines are given at 12 months ?

A

HiB/Men C
(haemophilus influenza type B / meningitis C)
MMR
PCV (2nd dose)
Men B (3rd dose)

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7
Q

What is offered between ages 2-8/15?

A

annual influenza

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8
Q

What vaccines are given at 3y 4 months?

A

4 in 1
MMR

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9
Q

what vaccine is given at 12-13y?

A

HPV

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10
Q

What vaccines are given between 13-18y?

A

3 in 1
Men ACWY (up to age 25)

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11
Q

What does the 6 in 1 vaccine contain?

A

Diptheria
Hep B
HiB
Polio
Tetanus
Whooping Cough

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12
Q

What does the 4 in 1 vaccine contain (pre school booster)?

A

Diptheria
Polio
Tetanus
Whooping cough

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13
Q

What does the 3 in 1 vaccine contain (teenage booster)?

A

Diptheria
Polio
Tetanus

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14
Q

Which vaccines are live attenuated and live?

A

MMR = live attenuated
Rotavirus = live

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15
Q

what type of vaccine is HPV?

A

Non infectious recomb

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16
Q

When is Guthrie heel prick done?

A

day 5-9 after birth

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17
Q

What 4 diseases does it test for?

A

Cystic fibrosis

Congenital hypothyroid

Sickle cell anemia

Metabolic (eg. phenylketonuria, MCADD, maple syrup urine disease, IVA, GA1, HCU)

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18
Q

What do they look for in the heel prick to test for CF?
Fraction of babies with CF?

A

serum immunoreactive trypsin
1/2500

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19
Q

What do they look for in the heel prick to test for Congenital hypothyroid?
Fraction of babies with Congenital hypothyroid?

A

TSH
1/2000-1/3000

20
Q

What do they look for in the heel prick to test for Sickle cell anemia?
Fraction of babies with SCA?

A

BLOOD FILM
270 babies/yr

21
Q

What do they look for in the heel prick to test for phenylketonuria?
Fraction of babies with phenylketonuria?

A

PKU urine test
1/10,000

22
Q

If someone is choking, what is an effective and active way to help them?

A

encourage coughing

23
Q

If coughing hasn’t helped with the choking, what can be done next?
how is it done on <1y and >1y?

A

5x back blows (hit back)
then
5x:
<1 chest thrusts
>1y abdo thrusts

24
Q

if someone is unresponsive, what is done first?

A

HELP called first

25
Q

If a neonate is unresponsive, what are the 4 steps?

A
  1. warm + dry baby
  2. neutral airway
  3. 5 rescue breaths (+ palpable brachial/femoral pulse)
  4. 3:1 compression: breath (lower 1/3 sternum, 2 thumb encircling technique)
26
Q

If a child is unresponsive, what are the 3 steps?

A
  1. head tilt, chin lift (jaw thrust)
  2. 5 rescue breaths (+ pulses)
  3. 15:2 compr:breaths 9lower 1/2 sternum)
    <5y = fingers
    >5y = like adult
27
Q

What type of fluid is given to a child?

A

0.9% saline + 5% dextrose + 20mmol/L KCL in a 1l bag

28
Q

How much fluid is given for maintenance of a <10kg child per day and per hour?

A

100ml/kg/day

4ml/kg/hr

29
Q

How much fluid is given for maintenance of a 10kg-20kg child per day and per hour?

A

1000ml + 50ml/kg/day

40ml + 2ml/hr/kg

(over 10kg)

30
Q

How much fluid is given for maintenance of a >20kg child per day and per hour?

A

1500ml + 20ml/kg/day

60ml + 1ml/hr/day

31
Q

M + F rarely need over how many L fluid for maintenance?

A

M 2.5L+
F 2L+

32
Q

How much fluid is Given in shock, maximum amount and what happens then?

A

10ml/kg boluses, repeatable up to 40ml/kg total, then ITU called
Don’t subtract from maintenance

33
Q

What is the equation to work out how much fluid to give for dehydration?

A

Well weight x % dehydration x 10

Added to maintenance

34
Q

How do you work out % dehydration?

A

(well-current/well) x 100

35
Q

what do the % mean for % dehydration?

A

5% = mild
7% = mod
10% = mottled blue

36
Q

What fluids are given to neonates instead?

A

10% dextrose instead of 5
daily fluids

37
Q

How much fluid are neonates given days 1-4?

A

Day 1 = 60ml/kg/day
Day 2 = 90ml/kg/day
Day 3 = 120ml/kg/day
Day 4 = 150ml/kg/day (max)
titrated down from here

38
Q

What motor milestones are achieved at:
6wks
6 months
9 months
12 months
15 months
18 months

A

6 wks = head prone
6m = sit unsupported
9m = crawl
12m = unsteady walk
15m = steady walk
18m = run

39
Q

What vision + fine motor milestones are achieved at:
6wks
6 months
9 months
12 months

A

6wks = fix and follow
6m = palmar grasp
9m = object permanence
12m = mature pincer

40
Q

What hearing, speech and language milestones are achieved at:
6wks
6 months
9 months
12 months

A

6wks = startle to loud sound
6m = coo alone
9m = MAMA-DADA discriminately
12m = 2-3 non M-D words

41
Q

What social, environmental and behavioural milestones are achieved at:
6wks
6 months
9 months
12 months

A

6wks = social smile
6m = shakes rattle
9m = stranger fear
12m = waves bye

42
Q

When is hand preference chosen by a child?
what is a Ddx if a child hasn’t done that in the time?

A

<12m
cerebral palsy - refer paeds assessment

43
Q

In a premature baby <2y, what do you need to correct?

A

correct age to gestational age

44
Q

In the healthy child program, how many post natal reviews does a baby have, until what age?
what can these reviews be?

A

5 postnatal reviews (until 5y)

NIPE (72hrs post birth)
6-8 wk check
Immunisations
school nurses

45
Q

What is the Resp Rate (RR) ranges for:
<1wk
1wk - 3 months
3m - 2yr
2-10yr
10-12yr

A

<1wk = 40-60

1wk - 3 months = 30-50

3m - 2yr = 30-40

2-10yr = 14-24

10-12yr = 12-20 (+ onwards)

46
Q

What are the Heart rate (HR) ranges for?
<1y
1-2y
2-5y
5-12y

A

<1y = 110-160

1-2y = 95-140

2-5y = 80-120

5-12y = 60-100 (+ onwards)

Phase 3a Paeds (14 decks)

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