Vaccines Flashcards
What vaccines are given at 3mo, 5mo and 12 mo in Sweden, Which has addition in 5-6yo and which has also in 14-15yo? (asterix for neuro-interresting diseases)
()diphteria, + and +
tetanus, + and +
whooping cough, + and +
*polio, +
** Hib-haemophilus influenzae type B,
Hepatitis B,
** Pneumococcus.
WHO key facts about Polio
*Polio (poliomyelitis) mainly affects children under 5 years of age.
*One in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis. Among those paralysed, 5–10% die when their breathing muscles become immobilized.
*Cases due to wild poliovirus have decreased by over 99% since 1988, from an estimated 350 000 cases then, to 6 reported cases in 2021.
*As long as a single child remains infected, children in all countries are at risk of contracting polio. Failure to eradicate polio from these last remaining strongholds could result in a global resurgence of the disease.
*In most countries, the global effort has expanded capacities to tackle other infectious diseases by building effective surveillance and immunization systems.
What does the polio-virus do to the nervous system?
Poliovirus is an RNA virus that in 90% of individuals is entirely asymptomatic. In fewer than 1% of cases, however, the virus enters the central nervous system, preferentially infecting and destroying motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and acute flaccid paralysis.
What type of infection is Diphteria?
A serious infection can be caused by sertain strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
The bacteria make exotoxin.
What are the three most feared complications to Diphteria?
- Myocarditis
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Proteinurea
How often is a new dose of Diphteria-tetanus vaccine recomended?
Once every 10 years during adulthood.
What vaccines are given at age 18mo and 7-8 yo?
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Which of Measles, Mumps and Rubella might cause encephalitis?
Rubella
