Vaccines

Question 1

Passive immunity

Answer 1

Short term immunity
Introduction of antibodies from another person or animal

Question 2

Active immunity

Answer 2

Acquired by natural disease or vaccination

Question 3

Vaccine aim

Answer 3

Stimulate production of antibodies and other components of the immune mechanism

Question 4

Live attenuated form examples

Answer 4

MMR
BCG

Question 5

Inactivated vaccine example

Answer 5

Influenza vaccine

Question 6

Detoxified exotoxin example

Answer 6

Produced by micro-organism
Tetanus vaccine

Question 7

Live attenuated vaccines

Answer 7

NOT recommended for immunocompromised patients
Usually produce a durable immunity
Not always as long lasting as that resulting from natural infection

Question 8

Inactivated vaccines

Answer 8

Need a series of injections and boosters
Can last from months to years

Question 9

What vaccine is given to 65 year olds?

Answer 9

Pneumonia
Flu

Question 10

Vaccine for 70 year olds

Answer 10

Shingles

Question 11

BCG vaccine

Answer 11

For TB
High risk patients in contact with TB
Given to children born in areas of country with high cases
And whose parents or grandparents were born in a country with many cases of TB
Given at birth

Question 12

Influenza vaccine criteria - free

Answer 12

High risk patients to reduce transmission of infection
Chronic respiratory, heart, liver, renal and neurological disorders
Diabeties mellitus
Immunosuppressant disease and chemo
HIV infection
Morbid obesity
Flu vaccination service requirements
Pregnant
Carer
Age normally 60 plus first then 50

Question 13

What is used to test TB

Answer 13

Mantoux test

Question 14

Post immunisation fever

Answer 14

120 / 5 mL; paracetamol if 2 months and weigh over 4 kh used men B at 2 and 4 months

100 / 5 mL; ibuprofen to 3 months + for fever and weigh over 5 kg

Question 15

Vaccine given for 8 weeks (2 month)olds?

Answer 15

6 in 1 vaccine (diphtheria, hep B, Hib, poli, tetanus and whooping cough)
Rotavirus
MenB

Question 16

Vaccine for 12 weeks (3 months)

Answer 16

6 in 1 (second dose)
Pneumococcal (PVC) vaccine
Rotavirus (2nd dose)

Question 17

Vaccine at 16 weeks (4 months)

Answer 17

6 in 1 vaccine (3rd dose)
MenB

Question 18

Vaccine for 1 year olds

Answer 18

Hib/MenC (1st dose)
MMR
PCV vaccine (2nd dose)
MenB (3rd dose)

Question 19

3 years to 4 months vaccine

Answer 19

MMR (2nd dose)
4-in-1 pre school booster

Question 20

2 to 10 years vaccine

Answer 20

Flu vaccine every year

Question 21

12 to 13 years

Answer 21

HPV vaccine

Question 22

14 year vaccine

Answer 22

3 in 1 teenage booster menACWY

Question 23

Pregnant women and vaccines

Answer 23

Offered flu vaccine every year
From 16 weeks; whooping cough (pertussis) vacccine

Question 24

Babies born to mothers who have hep B

Answer 24

Hepatitis B vaccine given at birth, 4 weeks and 12 months

Question 25

Rotavirus

Answer 25

2 doses 4 weeks apart 8 weeks and 12 weeks Liquid into the mouth to swallow Stomach bug

Question 26

6 in 1 vaccine

Answer 26

Diphtheria, hep B, Hib, polio, tetanus, whooping cough Given 8, 12 and 16 weeks Injected to baby thigh Inactivated form 2 types infanix hexa and vazelis brand Shouldn’t be given in baby has high temp, poorly controlled epilepsy

Question 27

MenB

Answer 27

Given 8, 16 weeks and 1 year Baby injected in the thigh Likely to develop a high temp within 24 hours of vaccine Give paracetamol following vaccine to reduce this risk For meningitis and sepsis

Question 28

MMR

Answer 28

Measles, mumps and rubella 2 doses Given 1 year and then 3 Years and 4 months Anyone not had 2 doses can still get them Not recommended when pregnant or weakened immune system MMRVaxPro has gelatine but priorix shouldn’t

Question 29

Shingles vaccine

Answer 29

70 to 79 years - eligible

Question 30

Chickenpox vaccine

Answer 30

Not in routine childhood vaccine Given to high risk of developing complications

Question 31

HPV vaccine

Answer 31

Girls and boy aged 12 to 13 Protects against, cervical cancer, mouth and throat cancer and some cancers of anal and genital areas Protects against genital warts 2 doses From July 2018 it has been extended for boys as well as girls