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VACCINATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

What vaccines are given to a newborn in the UK?

A

BCG if they have risk factors - TB in family in the last 6 months or live in a high risk area

Hepatitis B if they have risk factors

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2
Q

If a baby does not have risk factors for TB or hepatitis B, when is the first time that they will be immunised according the UK immunisation schedule? What are the other significant ages in the immunisation schedule?

A

2 months

3 months

4 months

12-13 months

2-3 years

3-4 years

12-13 years (for girls only)

13-18 years

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3
Q

What vaccines will a baby be given at 2 months?

A

DTaP = Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis vaccine

IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine

Hib = Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine

PCV = Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Oral rotavirus vaccine

Meningitis B

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4
Q

What vaccines will a baby be given at 3 months?

A

DTaP = Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis vaccine

IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine

Hib = Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine

Oral rotavirus vaccine

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5
Q

What vaccines will a baby be given at 4 months?

A

DTaP = Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis vaccine

IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine

Hib = Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine

PCV = Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Meningitis B

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6
Q

What vaccines will a child be given at 12-13 months?

A

Hib = Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine

Meningitis C

Meningitis B

MMR = Measles, Mumps and Rubella

PCV = Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

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7
Q

What vaccines will a child be given at 2-3 years?

A

Yearly flu vaccine

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8
Q

What vaccines will a child be given at 3-4 years?

A

MMR = Measles, Mumps and Rubella

DTaP = Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis vaccine

IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine

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9
Q

What vaccines will a girl of 12-13 years old be given?

A

HPV = Human Papilloma Vaccine

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10
Q

What vaccines will an adolescent of 13-18 years old be given?

A

DT = Diphtheria, Tetanus vaccine

IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine

Men ACWY = Meningococcal vaccine covering A, C, W and Y serotypes

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11
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for diptheria immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

4 months

3-4 years

13-18 years

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12
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for tetanus immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

4 months

3-4 years

13-18 years

Should also be given to patients with high risk wounds regardless of number of previous vaccines

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13
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for pertussis immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

4 months

3-4 years

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14
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for polio immunisation?

A

2 months

4 months

12-13 months

3-4 years

13-18 years

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15
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for rotavirus immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

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16
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for meningitis B immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

12-13 months

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17
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for Haemophilus influenzae B immunisation?

A

2 months

3 months

4 months

12-13 months

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18
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for meningitis C immunisation?

A

12-13 months

12-13 years (as part of the Men ACWY)

19
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for measles, mumps and rubella immunisation?

A

12-13 months

3-4 years

20
Q

At what age are girls given the HPV vaccine?

A

12-13 years

21
Q

What are the main live attenuated vaccines used in the UK?

A

BCG

Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)

Influenza (intranasal)

Oral rotavirus

Oral polio

Yellow fever

22
Q

What are the main inactivated vaccines used in the UK?

A

Rabies

Influenza (intramuscular)

23
Q

What are the main fragmented vaccines used in the UK?

A

Diphtheria

Pertussis (‘acellular’ vaccine)

Hepatitis B

Meningococcus

Pneumococcus

Haemophilus

24
Q

Is BCG a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

25
Q

Is the oral polio vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

26
Q

Is the diptheria vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

27
Q

Is the rabies vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Inactivated

28
Q

Is the hepatitis B vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

29
Q

Is the meningococcus vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

30
Q

Is the intranasal influenza vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

31
Q

Is the yellow fever vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

32
Q

Is the oral rotavirus vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

33
Q

Is the haemophilus vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

34
Q

Is the pertussis vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

35
Q

Is the pneumococcus vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

36
Q

Is the haemophilus vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Fragmented

37
Q

Is the MMR vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

38
Q

Is the intramuscular influenza vaccine a live attenuated, inactivated or fragmented vaccine?

A

Inactivated

39
Q

What are the contraindications to giving the BCG vaccine?

A

Previous BCG vaccination

History of tuberculosis

HIV

Pregnancy

Positive tuberculin test (Heaf or Mantoux)

40
Q

What are the contraindications to the MMR vaccine?

A

Severe immunosuppression

Allergy to neomycin

Children who have received another live vaccine by injection within 4 weeks

Pregnancy should be avoided for at least 1 month following vaccination

Immunoglobulin therapy within the past 3 months (there may be no immune response to the measles vaccine if antibodies are present)

41
Q

What are the contraindications to the flu vaccine?

A

Immunocompromised

Aged

42
Q

What is the theoretical risk of giving the rotavirus vaccine too late?

A

Increased risk of intussusception

43
Q

Which one of the following vaccinations should be avoided in patients who are HIV positive?

Rabies

BCG

Hepatitis B

Pertussis

Diphtheria

A

BCG

Live attenuated vaccines are:
•BCG
•MMR
•oral polio
•yellow fever
•oral typhoid
44
Q

The mother of a 6-week-old baby girl born at 32 weeks gestation asks for advice about immunisation. What should happen regarding the first set of vaccines?

Give first set of vaccinations at 3 months (i.e. delay for 1 month)

Give DTaP/IPV/Hib at 2 months but not PCV

Give first set of vaccinations at 4 months (i.e. correct for gestational age)

Give first set of vaccinations as per normal timetable but within hospital environment

Give as per normal timetable

A

Give as per normal timetable

PAEDIATRICS (41 decks)

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