vaccination L1

Question 1

why we take vaccination?

Answer 1

stimulate the immune system against the microbe, thereby preventing disease

Question 2

whatre the types of immunity ?

Answer 2

1.Innate(non adaptive) immunity first line immune response exist before infection 2. Acquired (adaptive) , adapt after infectionsecond line of response

Question 3

which is more rapid the inate or aquired immunity ?

Answer 3

the innate more Rapid response: within minutes of infection

Question 4

whatre the differance between the inate and aquired immunity ?

Answer 4

first line immune second line exist before infection adapt after infection Rapid response within minutes of infection Responds more slowly, over few days but repeated exposure leads to faster, stronger response Not specific specific Has no memory Has anamnestic memory

Question 5

example of the innate immunity :

Answer 5

•Mechanical barriers / skin, acidic pH in stomach •Humoral mechanisms ,lysozymes, basic proteins, complement, interferons •Cellular defense mechanisms natural killer cells neutrophils, macrophages,, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils

Question 6

give example of the aquired immunity ?

Answer 6

• Childhood immunization has markedly reduced the impact of major infectious disease - repeated exposure leads to faster, stronger response

Question 7

whats happen in repeat the exposure ?

Answer 7

lead to faster, stronger response

Question 8

how can induce the immunity ?

Answer 8

Passively and active

Question 9

whats the difntion of the passive immunity?

Answer 9

administration of antibody-containing preparations

Question 10

whats the active immunity ?

Answer 10

administering a vaccine or toxoid to stimulate the immune system to produce a prolonged humoral and/or cellular immune response

Question 11

give an example of the natural passive immunity ?

Answer 11

breast milk, placenta

Question 12

give an example of the artificial passive immunity ?

Answer 12

Immune serum , Immune cell

Question 13

give example of natural active immunity?

Answer 13

Clinical and subclinical infection

Question 14

give examples of artificial active immunity ?

Answer 14

Vaccination : Live ,killed, purified antigen vaccine

Question 15

what’re the 10 warning signs of the immundeficincy?

Answer 15

1-family history of primary immune deficeincy 2- ear infection .More than or equal 4 in one year 2-sinus infection More than or equal 2 with in one year 3-episodes of pneumonia More than or equal 2 withon one year 4-deep seated infection including septicemia More than or equal 2 5- oral antibiotic treatment use .More than or equal 2 month 6-.Need for IV antibiotic to clear infection 7-Recurrent deep skin or organ abscesses 8-Persistent thrush in mouth or fungal infection of skin 9-.Failure of an infant to gain weight or grow normally

Question 16

whats the vaccine ?

Answer 16

whole or parts of microorganisms administered to prevent an infectious disease

Question 17

whats the toxoid ?

Answer 17

modified bacterial toxin that is made nontoxic but is still able to induce an active immune response against the toxin.

Question 18

what’re the classification of the vaccine?

Answer 18

live-attenuated vaccine killed purified

Question 19

give examples of the life attenuated?

Answer 19

1-BCG 2-MMR 3- Polio 4-varicella 5-influenza

Question 20

types of the of inacive vaccine ?

Answer 20

1-Inactivated whole organisms 2-Purified protein antigens 3-Detoxified exotoxins 4-Polysaccharides 5-Capsular polysaccharides

Question 21

give example of whole inactive organism vaccine ?

Answer 21

whole-cell pertussis whooping cough

Question 22

give example of Purified protein antigens

Answer 22

acellular pertussis hepatitis B vaccines

Question 23

give example of Polysaccharides inactive vaccine

Answer 23

capsular meningococcal vaccine

Question 24

give example of the Capsular polysaccharide inacive vaccine

Answer 24

Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b ) pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Question 25

what're the general contradiction of the vaccination ?

Answer 25

-Serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after a previous vaccine dose. - Immunocompromised states - Moderate or severe acute illness with or without fever

Question 26

whats the recommanded temperture to store the vaccine ?

Answer 26

(2-8C)

Question 27

whats the injection site of the vaccine in infant and childern young ?

Answer 27

IM injections, the anterolateral thigh muscle is the preferred site

Question 28

whats the injection site of the adult and adulecent ?

Answer 28

deltoid muscle of the arm

Question 29

give examples of combined vaccine ?

Answer 29

1-Hexaxim 2-Quinvaxem 3-Tetra-Act-HIB- DTp Composition

Question 30

what're the compnent of the hexaxim ?

Answer 30

hexavalent combination pediatric vaccine containing DT 2P 2H 1-Diphtheria toxoid 2-Tetanus toxoid 3-pertussis (A cellular) 4- poliovirus (Inactivated) 5- hepatitis B virus(Recombinant) 6-Hib

Question 31

what're the component of the Quinvaxem™composition(Penta) ?

Answer 31

DT 1P 2H 1-Diphtheria toxoid 2-Tetanus toxoid 3-pertussis( inactivated) 4- Hepatitis B(B surface antigen (HBsAg)) 5-Hib oligosaccharide

Question 32

what're the component of the Tetra?

Answer 32

Tetra-(Act-HIB- DTp) Composition DT 1P 1H 1-Diphtheria toxoid 2-Tetanus toxoid 3-Pertussis vaccine 4-Hib

Question 33

what're the factors that decide the vaccination scheduale ?

Answer 33

- age that attract the disease -risk of the disease -immune resonse of the child --health status -type of the vaccine -Campiagn -Immunization card

Question 34

wht're the schedual of vaccination in iraq ?

Answer 34

Question 35

what're the most important questions to ask before the vaccination ?

Answer 35