V: Special Considerations in Speech-Language Pathology Practice (AAC & Audiology) Flashcards
AAC
AAC (1)
forms of communication that either supplement and/or replace more conventional means of communication (typically referring to speech)
AAC
F2F (1)
face-to-face communication (refers to spoken communication)
AAC
developmental and congenital disorders associated with need for AAC (7)
autism spectrum disorders (ASD), cerebral palsy (CP), down syndrome, severe and refractory phonological disorders, childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), intellectual disability, spina bifida
AAC
acquired disorders associated with need for AAC (8)
brain tumor, stroke (cerebrovascular accident or CVA), spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), multiple sclerosis (MS), guillain-barre syndrome (muscle weakness caused by PNS damage), huntington’s disease (HD), head and neck cancers (HNCs)
AAC
FAPE, 1975 (3)
free appropriate public education, guaranteed by rehabilitation act of 1973 and IDEA 1990, requires that children with disabilities receive support free of charge as is provided to nondisabled students
AAC
IDEA, 1990 (1)
individuals with disabilities education act, stipulates that assistive technology must be provided if it is required as a part of a child’s special education, related services or supplementary aids and serviced
AAC
assistive technology act amendments of 2004 (2)
PL-108-364, mandated assistive technology centers in each state and territory
AAC
ADA (2)
americans with disabilities act, hospitals must provide effective means of communication for patients, family members and hospital visitors who are deaf or hard of hearing
AAC
unaided vs aided (1::1)*
use of only the body to communicate without external aids or equipment :: use of external equipment to assist with communication
*aided AAC devices may be: no, low, mid and/or high-tech
AAC
dedicated vs nondedicated devices
sole purpose is to assist with communication (typically face-to-face) by providing speech output :: commercially available and support a range of functions in addition to speech output
AAC
iconicity (2)
the association a person makes between a symbol and its referent, can be: opaque (symbol does not resemble referent), translucent (symbol resembles referent), transparent (symbol can be readily guesses)
AAC
static vs dynamic displays
display doesn’t change :: screen changes following use input
AAC
cosmesis (1)
aesthetic appeal of a device and whether it can be modified/personalized (colors, designs)
AAC
direct selection vs alternate access
select via touch or other means (eye gaze) :: scan choices and the user indicates a choice using a predetermined signal
AAC
common scanning patterns (5)
circular (simplest type of scanning where icons highlight in a circle until a selection is made), linear (row-by-row, left to right), row-column, top-bottom, group item (icons grouped into themes)
AAC
selection control techniques (3)
direct (inverse) scanning (hold and release), automatic (regular) scanning (cursor moves automatically and a selection is made when switch is activated), step scanning (1:1 correspondence between cursor movement and switch activation)
AAC
partner-assisted scanning (1)
communication partner presents choices to the AAC use
AAC
auditory scanning (2)
used when visual interaction with the device is not possible, choices are provided auditorily
AAC
switches (3)
used with scanning to make selections, may use multiple switches to tailor functionality specific to the patient, types: mechanical, electrical, pneumatic (uses inhalation/exhalation to activate), electronic
AAC
switch site hierarchy (7)
hands -> head -> mouth -> feet -> lower extremities -> upper extremities -> mind
AAC
types of AAC communicators (4)
vary by skill while using device, types: emerging, contextual, independent
AAC
four main reasons for communicative interaction
communication of wants/needs, information transfer, social closeness, social etiquette
AAC
four core competencies of communicative competence for AAC user
linguistic, operational (maintenance of device), social, strategic (compensatory strategies to circumvent limitations of device)
AAC
types of rate enhancement (3)
prediction (autocorrect), coding (alpha, alphanumeric, letter-category, numeric codes), message coding (alpha-letter encoding, abbreviation expansion, icon prediction, color coding)