V

Question 1

Va

Answer 1

The design maneuvering speed. The maximum speed
at which full, abrupt control movement can be used without
overstressing the airframe.

Question 2

Vapor lock

Answer 2

A problem that mostly affects gasoline-fuelled
internal combustion engines. It occurs when the liquid fuel
changes state from liquid to gas while still in the fuel delivery
system. This disrupts the operation of the fuel pump, causing
loss of feed pressure to the carburetor or fuel injection system,
resulting in transient loss of power or complete stalling.
Restarting the engine from this state may be difficult. The fuel
can vaporise due to being heated by the engine, by the local
climate or due to a lower boiling point at high altitude.

Question 3

Variation

Answer 3

Compass error caused by the difference in
the physical locations of the magnetic north pole and the
geographic north pole.

Question 4

Vector

Answer 4

A force vector is a graphic representation of a force

and shows both the magnitude and direction of the force.

Question 5

Vectoring

Answer 5

Navigational guidance by assigning headings.

Question 6

Velocity

Answer 6

The speed or rate of movement in a certain direction.

Question 7

Venturi tube

Answer 7

A specially shaped tube attached to the outside of an aircraft to produce suction to allow proper operation of gyro instruments.

Question 8

Vertical axis

Answer 8

An imaginary line passing vertically through the center of gravity of an aircraft. The vertical axis is called the z-axis or the yaw axis.

Question 9

Vertical card compass

Answer 9

A magnetic compass that consists of an azimuth on a vertical card, resembling a heading indicator with a fixed miniature airplane to accurately present the heading of the aircraft. The design uses eddy current damping to minimize lead and lag during turns.

Question 10

Vertical speed indicator (VSI)

Answer 10

A rate-of-pressure change instrument that gives an indication of any deviation from a constant pressure level.

Question 11

Vertical stability

Answer 11

Stability about an aircraft’s vertical axis. Also called yawing or directional stability.

Question 12

Very-high frequency (VHF)

Answer 12

A band of radio frequencies falling between 30 and 300 MHz.

Question 13

Very-high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR)

Answer 13

Electronic navigation equipment in which the flight deck instrument identifies the radial or line from the VOR station measured in degrees clockwise from magnetic north, along which the aircraft is located.

Question 14

Vestibule

Answer 14

The central cavity of the bony labyrinth of the car or the parts of the membranous labyrinth that it contains.

Question 15

Vfe

Answer 15

The maximum speed with the flaps extended. The upper limit of the white arc.

Question 16

VFR on top

Answer 16

ATC authorization for an IFR aircraft to operate in VFR conditions at any appropriate VFR altitude.

Question 17

VFR over the top

Answer 17

A VFR operation in which an aircraft operates in VFR conditions on top of an undercast.

Question 18

VFR terminal area chart

Answer 18

At a scale of 1:250,000, a chart
that depicts Class B airspace, which provides for the control
or segregation of all the aircraft within the Class B airspace.
The chart depicts topographic information and aeronautical
information including visual and radio aids to navigation,
airports, controlled airspace, restricted areas, obstructions,
and related data

Question 19

V-G diagram

Answer 19

A chart that relates velocity to load factor. It is valid only for a specific weight, configuration and altitude
and shows the maximum amount of positive or negative lift
the airplane is capable of generating at a given speed. Also
shows the safe load factor limits and the load factor that the
aircraft can sustain at various speeds.

Question 20

Victor airways

Answer 20

Airways based on a centerline that extends from one VOR or VORTAC navigation aid or intersection to another navigation aid (or through several navigation aids or intersections); used to establish a known route for en route procedures between terminal areas.

Question 21

Visual approach slope indicator (VASI)

Answer 21

A visual aid of
lights arranged to provide descent guidance information
during the approach to the runway. A pilot on the correct
glideslope will see red lights over white lights.

Question 22

Visual descent point (VDP)

Answer 22

A defined point on the final approach course of a nonprecision straight-in approach
procedure from which normal descent from the MDA to the
runway touchdown point may be commenced, provided the runway environment is clearly visible to the pilot.

Question 23

Visual flight rules (VFR)

Answer 23

Flight rules adopted by the
FAA governing aircraft flight using visual references. VFR
operations specify the amount of ceiling and the visibility the
pilot must have in order to operate according to these rules.
When the weather conditions are such that the pilot can not
operate according to VFR, he or she must use instrument
flight rules (IFR).

Question 24

Visual meteorological conditions (VMC)

Answer 24

Meteorological
conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from
cloud, and ceiling meeting or exceeding the minimums
specified for VFR.

Question 25

Vle

Answer 25

Landing gear extended speed. The maximum speed at
which an airplane can be safely flown with the landing gear
extended.

Question 26

Vlo

Answer 26

O.
Landing gear operating speed. The maximum speed for
extending or retracting the landing gear if using an airplane
equipped with retractable landing gear.

Question 27

Vmc

Answer 27

Minimum control airspeed. This is the minimum
flight speed at which a light, twin-engine airplane can be
satisfactorily controlled when an engine suddenly becomes
inoperative and the remaining engine is at takeoff power.

Question 28

Vne

Answer 28

The never-exceed speed. Operating above this speed is
prohibited since it may result in damage or structural failure.
The red line on the airspeed indicator.

Question 29

Vno

Answer 29

The maximum structural cruising speed. Do not exceed
this speed except in smooth air. The upper limit of the green
arc.

Question 30

VORTAC

Answer 30

A facility consisting of two components, VOR
and TACAN, which provides three individual services: VOR
azimuth, TACAN azimuth, and TACAN distance (DME)
at one site.

Question 31

VOR test facility (VOT)

Answer 31

A ground facility which emits a
test signal to check VOR receiver accuracy. Some VOTs are
available to the user while airborne, while others are limited
to ground use only.

Question 32

Vs0

Answer 32

The stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed
in the landing configuration. In small airplanes, this is the
power-off stall speed at the maximum landing weight in the
landing configuration (gear and flaps down). The lower limit
of the white arc.

Question 33

Vs1

Answer 33

The stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed
obtained in aspecified configuration. For most airplanes, this
is the power-off stall speed at the maximum takeoff weight
in the clean configuration (gear up, if retractable, and flaps
up). The lower limit of the green arc.

Question 34

V-tail

Answer 34

A design which utilizes two slanted tail surfaces to
perform the same functions as the surfaces of a conventional
elevator and rudder configuration. The fixed surfaces act as
both horizontal and vertical stabilizers.

Question 35

Vx

Answer 35

Best angle-of-climb speed. The airspeed at which an
airplane gains the greatest amount of altitude in a given
distance. It is used during a short-field takeoff to clear an
obstacle.

Question 36

Vy

Answer 36

Best rate-of-climb speed. This airspeed provides the

most altitude gain in a given period of time.

Question 37

Vyse

Answer 37

Best rate-of-climb speed with one engine inoperative.
This airspeed provides the most altitude gain in a given
period of time in a light, twin-engine airplane following an
engine failure.