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Neurology-USMLE > UWorld Question Analysis > Flashcards

UWorld Question Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Alzheimer dementia clinical features ?

A
  1. Anterograde memory loss
  2. Immediate recall affected
  3. Distant memories preserved
  4. Language difficulties
  5. Visospatial defictis
  6. Lost in own neighborhood
  7. Cognitive impairment with progressive decline
  8. Urinary incontinence
  9. Hallucination s
  10. Wandering
  11. Dyspraxia
  12. Difficulty performing learned motor tasks 4
  13. Non cognitive neurologic deficits
  14. Pyramidal and extra pyramidal motor
  15. Myoclonus
  16. Seizures
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2
Q
  1. Occipital headache
  2. Neck stiffness
  3. Vomiting
  4. Nausea
  5. Nystagmus
  6. Ipsilateral hemiataxia

Dx ?

A

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage in the right cerebellar hemispheres

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3
Q

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage patient have risk of—-

A
  1. Brain embolism
  2. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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4
Q

Cerebellar hemorrhage site ?

A
  1. Basal ganglia
  2. Thalamus
  3. Pons
  4. Cerebellar nuclei
  5. Cerebral cortex
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5
Q

Cerebellar hemorrhage patient -which findings is most ;likely to be seen in this patient ?

A

Right cerebellar hemispheres =Right hemiataxia

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6
Q
  1. Patient neglect one side of body in which disease ?
A

Hemineglect syndrome

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7
Q

Hemineglect syndrome which lobe ?

A

Non dominant parietal lobe - spatial organization

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8
Q
  1. Patient comb left side head
  2. Shave left side of face
  3. Left handed writing ?
A

Hemineglect syndrome

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9
Q

Occipital lobe disturbance results in —

A

Visual disturbance

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10
Q

A frontal cortex lesion leads to —

A

Hemiparesis

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11
Q

Left temporal lobe involvement leads to –

A

Receptive aphasia

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12
Q
  1. Autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
  2. Fluctuating
  3. Fatigable proximal muscle weakness
  4. Ocular-Diplopia Ptosis
  5. Bulbar -Dysphagia Dysarthria
  6. Resolves with rest

Dx ?

A

Myasthenia gravis

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13
Q

Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis ?

A

CT Scan of chest

THYMOMA

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14
Q

Treatment of myasthenia gravis ?

A

Thyrectomy

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15
Q

Causes of exacerbatrions of Myasthenia gravis ?

A
  1. Beta blocker
  2. MgSO4
  3. Penicillamine
  4. Infection
    5.Aminoglycosides
    6.Fluroquinolones
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16
Q

CSF analysis & MRI of brain is doen in which disease ?

A

Multiple sclerosis

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17
Q

Cervical spine imaging is done in which disease ?

A

Cervical spondylosis

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18
Q

Myasthenia gravis site ?

A

Motor end plate in NMJ

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19
Q
  1. Difficulty in holding up head
  2. Difficulty combing hair
  3. Muscle weakness

Dx ?

A

Myasthenia gravis

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20
Q

Motor cortex lesion example ?

A

Stroke

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21
Q

Motor neuron axon lesion-Demyelination ?

A

Guillain barre syndrome

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22
Q

Autoimmune demyelination of the white matter tracts in the CNS ?

A

Multiple sclerosis

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23
Q
  1. Past multiplee sclerosis
  2. Neuroimaging -new area of demyelination
  3. Urinary urgency & incontinence ?

Dx ?

A

Acute MS exacerbation

24
Q

Acute MS exacerbation management ?

A

Glucocorticoid
Methyl prednislone

25
Q

MS + Spasticity
Treatment ?

26
Q

If in acute MS exacerbation patient is refractory to corticosteroid therapy then what ?

A

Plasmapheresis

27
Q

Progressive form of MS / Secondary form of MS -Managment ?

A

Interferon beta

28
Q
  1. Right leg pain & numbness
  2. Burning pain= Lateral aspect = Right thigh
  3. Obese
  4. Tight belts and clothing

Dx ?

A

Meralgia paresthetica

29
Q

Meralgia paresthetica which nerve ?

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

30
Q

If sensory symptoms arise in Medial thigh which nerve ?

A

Obturator nerve

31
Q

Sensory symptoms arise in posterolateral leg ans dorsolateral foot -
which nerve ?

A

Common peroneal nerve

32
Q
  1. Double vision=Diplopia
  2. numbness
  3. ataxia
  4. dizziness + vertigo

Dx ?

A

Multiple sclerosis

33
Q
  1. Affected eye (Ipsilateral to lesion ) in unable to adduct
  2. Contraletaral eye abduct with nystagmus

Dx ?

A

Internuclear opthalmoplegia

34
Q

Internuclear opthalmoplegia damage which site ?

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

35
Q

Ipsilateral fixed and dilated pupil + Nonreactive to light or accommodation ?

A

Edinger westphal nucleus damage

36
Q

Optic nerve lesion ?

A

Monocular vision loss

37
Q

Optic chiasm lesion ?

A

Bitemporal hemianopsia

38
Q

Trochlear nerve plasy lesion ?

A

Vertical diplopia
+ Affected eye looks down and toward the nose (Walking downstairs,Reading books )

39
Q
  1. Shaking of hands
  2. Disappears with purposeful activity
  3. Occurs during rest

Dx ?

A

Early stage of parkinson disease

40
Q

Parkinson disease Tx ?

A

Anticholinergic agent-Trihexyphenidyl
Adult-Amantadine

41
Q

During rest-No tremor
Activity-Tremor start

Dx ?

A

Essential tremor

42
Q

Essential tremor Tx ?

A

Beta blocker-Propanolol + Primidone
Limb tremor + ET = Clonazepam

43
Q
  1. Visual hallucination - A lion in the room
  2. Spontaneous parkinsonism
  3. Fluctuating cognition
  4. Dopamine antagonists=Risperidone =Aggravtes stiffness
A

Dementia with lewy bodies

44
Q

Examination-Asked to close eyes - Strwtch out arms with the palms facing up = Then left arm involuntarily drifts downward and the palm turns towrds the floor

Dx ?

A

Pyramidal tract lesion

45
Q

Pyramidal tract lesion Dx exam ?

Pronation > Supination

A

Prnotor drift

46
Q

Arms to the sides
Eyes closed
Stand with there feet together

Which test ?

A

Romberg test

47
Q

Romberg test for which disease ?

A

Propioception evaluation

48
Q
  1. Patient-Valproic acid using
  2. Encephalopathy
  3. Confusion
  4. Lehtargy
  5. Bradykinesia
  6. Asterixis

Dx ?

A

Drug induced hyperammonemia

49
Q

Ischemic stroke Drug ?

50
Q

Stroke + Atrial fibrillation = Tx ?

A

Long term anticoagulation
Dabigatran warfarin

51
Q
  1. Fallen down in several occasion = Initial injury
  2. Headache
  3. Somnolence
  4. Confusion ‘Focal neurologic defictis

Dx >?

A

Subdural hematoma

52
Q

Subdural hematoma Dx ?

A

Head CT -Crescent shaped hyperdensity acute or hypodensity chronic crossing suture lines

53
Q

AIDS defining malignancy ?

A
  1. Kaposi sarcoma=Human herpes virus 8
  2. Invasive cervical Ca = Human papilloma Virus
  3. Non hodgkin lymphoma = Epstein Bar Virus
  4. Primary CNS lymphoma = Epstein Bar Virus
54
Q
  1. Untreated AIDS
  2. Ring enhancing lesion on brain on Brain MRI
  3. CSF PCR is + for EPV
  4. Seizure

Dx ?

A

Primary CNS lymphoma

Neurology-USMLE (6 decks)

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