UWorld Pics A

Question 1

Name the structures

Answer 1

Direct opthalmoscopic exam

• optic disc = where the optic nerve enters, central retinal vein/artery run over the optic disc
• fovea = center of vision on the retina

Question 2

Differentiate direct opthalmoscope exam of central retinal vein vs. artery occlusion

Answer 2

Both can cause monocular painless acute vision loss

• central retinal vein occlusion: see dilated tortuous veins and diffuse hemorrhage (nastiness)
• central retinal artery occlusion: not as much hemorrhage, see retinal whitening/’cherry red spot’ of preserved circulation due to collaterals, atherosclerotic risk factors