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Mixed 2 > UW 7 > Flashcards

UW 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that increase digoxin levels

A

Amiodarone
Verapamil
Quinidine
Propafenone

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2
Q

Management when starting digoxin w Amiodarone

A

Decrease digoxin dose by 25%-50%

Monitor digoxin levels for next few weeks

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3
Q

Pathophys of Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Uncontrolled efflux of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum

After admin of anesthetics (halothane, succinylcholine) in certain people (AD genetics)

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4
Q

Management for Penile Fracture

A

Surgical Emergency

  1. Emergent urethrogram to r/o urethral injury
  2. Surgical Exploration
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5
Q

USPSTF screening for chlamydial infxn

A

All sexually active women < 24 yoa and other asymptomatic women at increased risk

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6
Q

What to do if white reflex seen on exam?

A

REFER to opththo b/c considered retinoblastoma until proven otherwise
Intraocular tumor of

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7
Q

Presentation of bed bugs

A

Painless bites
Purpuric macules
Pruritic

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8
Q

Presentation of Scabies

TX

A

Generalized itching
Pruritic papules over penis, scrotum, areolas, breast
Gray wavy channels in finger webs, heels of palms, wrist creases
Tx: Permethrin neck down and overnight

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9
Q

Mitral Stenosis Presentation

A

LA dilation b/c of Increased LAP,pulm vascular pressure increases = congestion = dyspnea, hemoptysis, nocturnal cough
Risk of A fib, Cardiac emboli
Rheumatic fever

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10
Q

Pertussis TX

PEPX

A

ALL close contacts (even if immunized)
If < 1 month of age = Azithromycin for 5 Days
If > 1 month of age = Azithro ( 5 Days), Clarithro (7 days) Erythro (14 days)

If not immunized = immunize according to recommended schedule

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11
Q

MCC neonatal hypothyroidism in the U.S.

A

Thyroid Dysgenesis

- aka aplasia, dysplasia, ectopic gland

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12
Q

Pathophys of lacunar stroke

A

Lacunar infarcts = occlusion of single, deep, penetrating artery in brain
Microatheroma + Lipohyalinosis

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13
Q

MC site for lacunar infarct

A

Posterior limb of internal capsule

Pure motor stroke = CS tract and some CB motor fibers

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14
Q

Infective Endocarditits TX

PCN sensitive?

A

IV Pen G q4-6 hrs or 24h infusion OR
IV Ceftriaxone QD 4 wks
Oral Abx NOT recommended for initial therapy with IE.

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15
Q

Difference b/t Cauda Equina syndrome and Conus Medullaris Syndrome
Management?

A

CE = LMN signs; spinal nerve roots below L1-L2
CM = BOTH LMN + UMN signs
TX: Emergency MRI, IV glucocorticoids, neurosurgical evaluation

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16
Q

Presentation of Cauda Equina

A 
Gradual onset severe back pain w Unilateral Radiculopathy
Saddle anesthesia
Hyporeflexia
Asymmetric LE weakness
Late onset bowel/bladder dysfnc
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17
Q

Presentation of Conus Medullaris

A 
Sudden onset severe back pain
Perianal hypoanesthesia
Symmetric motor weakness
Hyperreflexia
Early onset bowel/bladder dysfnc
18
Q

BUN/Cr in Pregnancy?

A

Decreased

RPF and GFR are increased causing decrease in BUN/Cr

19
Q

Presentation of ACL injury

A 
Rapid deceleration/direction change, pivot on LE
Soccer, Bball, tennis
Pain - rapid onset
Popping sensation
Swelling - effusion/hemarthrosis
Joint instability
20
Q

Presentation of MCL injury

A

Pivoting/twisting w knee struck from lateral side
Tenderness of medial knee
Not ass’d with hemarthrosis

21
Q

Presentation of Meniscal tear injury

A

Rapid direction changes

Subacute or chronic locking or popping sensationfff

22
Q

Presentation of Patellofemoral pain

A

Chronic overuse in young female athletes

Pain reproduced by extending knee and compressing patella

23
Q

CMV Colitis Presentation
Colonoscopy findings
Bx findings
TX

A

HIV infected pt w bloody diarrhea and normal stool exam
Multiple mucosal erosions and colonic ulceration
BX large cells w eosinophilic intranuclear and basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions
TX Ganciclovir, Foscarnet if intolerable

24
Q

Pathophys of gallstones in TPN

A

Normal stimulus for CCK release (proteins and FAs in duodenum) and GB contraction is absent ->
Biliary stasis causes bile sludge and gallstones to form

25
Q

Neonatal jaundice + conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Neonatal Cholestasis

Impaired hepatic excretion of bilirubin

26
Q

Electrical alternans w sinus tachycardia

TX

A

Large Pericardial Effusion

Emergency Pericardiocentesis

27
Q

Paget’s dz of breast Presentation

A

Eczematous rash near nipple
Does not improve w topical tx
Ass’d with underlying breast adenocarcinoma

28
Q

Cells seen on skin BX of Paget’s dz of breast

A

Large cells appear to be surrounded by clear halos

29
Q

TX of acute cocaine toxicity

A
  1. Supplemental Oxygen
  2. IV Benzos to reduce sympathetic outflow
  3. ASA
  4. Nitrates and CCBs vasodilate
30
Q

Vaccination for chronic liver disease

A 
Tdap/Td q 10 yrs
Influenza q year
Pneumococcal 1 dose w repeat 5 yrs later
Hep A - 2 doses
Hep B - 3 doses
31
Q

Arthritis in Hyperparathyroidism

A

Pseudogout
Acute onset, monoarthritis
MC knee
Rhomboid, positively birefringent

32
Q

Complications ass’d with current or previous DX of anorexia nervosa

A 
Miscarriage
IUGR
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Premature
C section
Postpartum depression
Osteoporosis
33
Q

Common findings in anorexic pts

A 
Osteoporosis
Elevated cholesterol and caroten
Cardiac arrhythmias - prolonged QT 
Euthyroid sick syndrome
HPA dysfnc 
Hyponatremia
34
Q

What is effect modification

A

An external variable positively or negatively impacts the effect a risk factor has on disease

Ex. risk of venous thrombosis is increased w estrogen therapy, and this effect is augmented by smoking

35
Q

What does randominzation control in studies

A

Confounding

36
Q

Ways to control confounding in a study

A

Design stage

  • matching
  • restriction
  • randomization
37
Q

What is ascertainment bias

A

Study participants or investigators have knowledge of which intervention each participant is receiving

38
Q

APGAR less than 7 Management

A

Further evaluation

Resuscitation

39
Q

APGAR HR < 100 + Irregular breathing Management

A

Pulse Ox monitoring

Positive pressure ventilation

40
Q

Therapeutic window for thrombolysis stroke pt

A

3 - 4.5 hours

41
Q

AE’s of Cyclosporine

A 
Nephrotoxic
HTN
Neurotoxic
GLucose intolerance
Infxn
Malignancy
Gingival hypertrophy
hirsutism
GI = anorexia, N/V, diarrhea

Mixed 2 (9 decks)

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