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Mixed 2 > UW 6 > Flashcards

UW 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Complication of pseudotumor cerebri if left untreated

A

Blindness

- Impaired absorption of CSF by arachnoid villi

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2
Q

Guillan Barre pathophys

A

Peripheral motor nerves Demyelination

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3
Q

Pediatric fall on outstretched hand

A

Supracondylar Fracture of the humerus

  • MC complication - median nerve or brachial artery entrapment
  • Check distal perfusion, analgesia, immobilization
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4
Q

Limb Length discrepancy - seen where

A

Proximal humerus

Distal Forearm Fractures

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5
Q

Rare but devastating complications with supracondylar fx of humerus

A

Compartment syndrome

Volkmann ischemic contracture

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6
Q

Non anion gap metabolic acidosis + preserved kidney function

A

RTA

- Type IV = hyperkalemic common in poorly controlled DM

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7
Q

Ludwig Angina Presentation

A

Rapidly progressive
Bilateral cellulitis of submandibular and sublinguual spaces
Infxn from teeth - 2nd/3rd molar
Fever, dysphagia, odynophagia, drooling

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8
Q

MCC death Ludwig Angina

A

Asphyxiation

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9
Q

CVS - most influential factor that reduces incidence of limb reduction

A

GA of Fetus

- Increased risk when done before 9-10 weeks

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10
Q

Presentation of Gonococcal septic arthritis

A
  1. Asymmetric polyarthritis
  2. Isolated purulent arthritis affected 1 or few joints
    Skin rash not always present
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11
Q

Medulloblastoma

Location

A

2nd MC Posterior Fossa tumor
(MC is cerebellar astrocytoma)
MC in cerebellar Vermis

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12
Q

Angular cheilosis, stomatis, glossitis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Normocytic Anemia

A

B2 Riboflavin Deficiency

B2 found in meat, eggs, yeast, dairy, green veggies, enriched foods

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13
Q

Unexplained chronic abd pain + wt loss + aversion to food

A

Chronic mesenteric ishemia

aka abdominal angina

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14
Q

Complications in SGA infants

A 
Hypoxia
Polycythemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypothermia
Hypocalcemia
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15
Q

PPX for Rheumatic Fever

A

RF + NO carditis = 5 yrs or until 21
RF + Cardittis = 10 yrs or until 21
RF + Carditis + Persistent heart/valve dz = 10 years or until 40

Whichever is longer in each case
IV Pen G every 4 weeks

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16
Q

Febrile Neutropenia

A

Absolute neutrophil count < 500

Neutropenia < 1,500

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17
Q

MC Infxn in febrile neutropenia

Management and TX

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Blood cultures
TX: Pipercillin-tazobactam
Cefepime, meropenem

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18
Q

Management of ascites

A
  1. Sodium and water restriction
  2. Spironolactone
  3. Loops
  4. Frequent abdominal paracentesis
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19
Q

When do we use vascular shunts in ascites

A

Symptomatic varices

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20
Q

Large mediastinal mass + elevated AFP and BhCG

A

Nonseminomatous Germ cell tumor

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21
Q

Tumors w elevated BhCG

A

Seminomatous germ cell tumor

Nonseminomatous germ cell tumor

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22
Q

Tumors w elevated BhCG + AFP

A

Nonseminomatous Gern Cell Tumor

23
Q

Examples of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Dubin-Johnson

Rotor Syndrome

24
Q

Examples of UNconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

A

Gilbert’s syndrome

Crigler-Najjar

25
Q

Presentation of Dubin-Johnson

A

Icterus
Sephardic Jews
Triggers - illness, pregnancy, OCPs
Increased coproporphyrin I (normal individuals have III)
Black liver
Histo - dense pigment made of epinephrine metabolites within lysosomes
TX: none

26
Q

Niacin Deficiency seen in

A

Corn based diet
Carcinoid syndrome
Hartnup’s
Alcoholics

27
Q

Niacin def Presentation

A 
4 D's
Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Death
28
Q

Initial hematuria or Blood in the beginning of urination indicative of?

A

Lesion in urethra

29
Q

Terminal hematuria indicative of?

A

Prostate cancer

Bladder cancer

30
Q

Total hematuria - during entire urinary cycle

A

Dz within ureters or kidneys

31
Q

Labs in alcoholic hepatitis

A

AST: ALT > 2:1, less than 500
High GGT
High Ferritin

32
Q

DDX of AST and ALT elevations 25X (in thousands)

A

Toxins (Acetaminophen)
Ischemic
Viral Hepatitis

33
Q

Electrolyte disturbance seen after blood transfusion

A

Hypocalcemia b/c blood contains citrate which chelates calcium and magnesium

34
Q

TX for premature atrial beats

A

Observation.

Benign, do not require follow up or TX

35
Q

MCC of CF related pneumonia in infants and young children

A

Staph aureus

36
Q

MCC of CF-related pneumonia in adolescents and adults

A

Pseudomonas aerg

37
Q

UTI with alkaline urine (pH>7)

A

Proteus mirabilis

38
Q

TX that decreases frequency of relapse, reduces disability in pts w relapsing MS

A

IFN-Beta

39
Q

HIV Vaccination of Pneumococcal

A

If CD4 > 200 = Vaccinate every 5 years.

If CD4 < 200 = wait until above

40
Q

When are live vaccines CI in HIV

Examples

A

If CD4 < 200
MMR
Varicella
Zoster

41
Q

Postural or orthostatic hypoTN
seen in?
Caused by?
Effect on kidney?

A

Syncope in elderly
Impaired baroreceptor sensitivity
Volume depletion
BUN/Cr ratio increased

42
Q

What does PCWP measure

A

Preload

43
Q

What does SVR measure

A

Afterload

44
Q

What does RA Pressure measure

A

Preload

45
Q

What does cardiac index measure

A

Pump Function

46
Q

Pathophys of septic shock

A

Decrease SVR due to overall peripheral vasodilation
Low PCWP, SVR
High CO, Mixed venous oxygenation sat

47
Q

High PCWP + dyspnea confirms what?

A

Cardiac origin for Sx’s

48
Q

What is normal JVP

A

< 10 cm H2O

49
Q

Findings on imaging in Asbestosis

A

Pleural Plaques of lower lung fields

Interstitial abnormalities

50
Q

Causes of gastric outlet obstruction

A

Gastric malignancy
PUD
Crohn
Strictures - Pyloric stenosis

51
Q

Causes of pyloric stricture

Timing?

A

Ingestion of acid

Fibrosis occurs 6-12 Wks after resolution of acute injury

52
Q

What causes a succussion splash

A

Retained gastric material > 3 hours after a meal

Presence of hollow viscus filled w both fluid and gas

53
Q

When does diabetic gastroparesis occur

A

Diabetics > 10 years

Mixed 2 (9 decks)

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