Uveitis Flashcards
Define Uveitis
Inflammation of one or all parts of the uvea, or the vascular area between retina and sclera of the eye
What is the difference between the anterior and posterior uvea
Anterior Uvea = iris + ciliary body
Posterior Uvea = choroid, retina, retinal vasculature
Aetiology of Uveitis
Idiopathic
Infectious: HSV | Herpes Zoster | CMV | HIV | Lyme disease | toxoplasmosis | TB | syphilis | histoplasmosis
Non-infectious: Seronegative arthropathies - ankylosing spondylitis | IBD | autuoimmune disorders | Sarcoidosis | Multiple sclerosis | eye trauma
Acute anterior uveitis: idiopathic OR association with HLA-B27 related disease/viral eye disease
Symptoms of Anterior Uveitis
Pain (anterior uveitis): dull orbital pain
Tearing: watery eyes without purulent discharge
Photophobia
Eye redness, no discharge
Cataracts
Symptoms of Posterior Uveitis
Decreased vision (Blurred vision | Decreased acuity | Decrease in visual field) Tearing: watery eyes without purulent discharge Cataracts
Signs of Anterior Uveitis
Synechiae on slit-lamp Flare (inflammation + floating leukocytes in aqueous humour) Keratic precipitates Floaters Eye redness, no discharge Constricted or non-reactive pupil Decreased intra-ocular pressure Ciliary flush Corneal oedema
Signs of Posterior Uveitis
Decreased vision (Blurred vision | Decreased acuity | Decrease in visual field)
Tearing: watery eyes
Retinal exudates and oedema, optic nerve oedema
Retinal vascular sheathing (Accumulation of inflammatory cells along vessel walls seen due to retinitis)
Macular oedema
Optic disc swelling
Retinal haemorrhages
Investigations for Uveitis
Primarily clinical diagnosis
Testing for underlying cause: FBC CRP/ESR ACEi (sarcoidosis) FTA-APS (syphilis) ANA (SLE, vasculitis) C-ANCA (GwP) P-ANCA (EGwP) HLA-B27 (arthritis) Lyme titre Complement (SLE) CXR (Sarcoidosis, TB)
