Conjunctivitis Flashcards

1
Q

Define Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the lining of the eyelids and eyeball

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2
Q

Aetiology of Conjunctivitis

A

Bacteria: pneumococcus, s. aureus, H. influenzae
Viral: adenovirus, HSV, EBV, VZV
Contact lens wear: prolonged wearing time, infrequent replacement, poor hygiene
Mechanical: chronic irritation due to floppy eyelid syndrome
Toxic/chemical: irritation by exposure to chemicals
Neoplastic: sebaceous gland carcinoma

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3
Q

Symptoms of Conjunctivitis

A

Discharge (Watery (viral) | Ropy, mucoid (allergic) | Purulent (bacterial) - copious purulent discharge over 12-24 hours indicates hyerpracute gonorrhoeal infection)
Itching (more predominant allergic)
Eyelids stuck together in the morning (bacterial or viral)
Vesicular skin rash (may indicate herpes zoster)
Superficial punctate keratopathy - red, watery, and sensitive to light

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4
Q

Signs of conjunctivitis on examination

A

Discharge (Watery (viral) | Ropy, mucoid (allergic) | Purulent (bacterial) - copious purulent discharge over 12-24 hours indicates hyerpracute gonorrhoeal infection)
Tender, pre-auricular lymphadenopathy (more common in viral than bacterial)
Vesicular skin rash
Conjunctival follicles
Corneal subepithelial infiltrates
Corneal pannus (growth of fine blood vessels onto corneal surface)

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5
Q

Investigations for Conjunctivitis

A

Rapid adenovirus immunoassay: +ve in adenovirus infection
Cell culture: bacterial or viral isolation
Gram stain: ?bacterial cause
PCR: viral or bacterial
ocular pH: suspected chemical cause

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