UUnit 1A Flashcards
What is a Gene?
DNA sequence involved in making RNA and proteins.
What are Alleles?
Alleles are variant forms of a gene, caused by differences in DNA sequence. Ex. variation in eye color or height.
What is a Genotype?
They are the genes inherited by an organism. Ex. the genes passed down from your parents.
What is a Phenotype?
They are the visible traits exhibited, ex. body plan, behavior, illness/disease, think of the way you look, that’s your phenotype.
What is a Genome?
It is an entire DNA sequence (ACGT) of an organism
What is Gene Expression?
Gene expression is when a gene is turned on to produce RNA or proteins.
What are the types of RNA
Coding, ex. mRNA. Noncoding, ex. Transfer RNA, Ribosomal RNA (Majority is noncoding RNA in Eukaryotes.)
Why are proteins important?
They ultimately control every reaction in the cell. They produce enzymes, structural proteins, and signaling proteins.
