uts l2 Flashcards
People’s belief about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance
that exercise influence over events that affect their lives
This belief determines how people feel, think, motivate themselves, and behave
Self-Efficacy
Four Main Sources of Self-Efficacy
. Mastery Experience
Vicarious Experience
Social Persuasion
. Psychological Responses
Successes build a robust belief in one’s personal efficacy
A resilient sense of efficacy requires experience in overcoming obstacles
through perseverant effort
Mastery Experience
- Provided by social models
- Seeing people similar to oneself succeed by sustained effort raises observers’ beliefs that they too, possess the capabilities to master comparable activities
required to succeed - People seek proficient models who possess the competencies to which they
aspir
vicarious Experience
- People who are persuaded verbally that they possess the capabilities to master
given activities are likely to mobilize greater effort and sustain it than if they
harbor self-doubts and dwell on personal deficiencies when problem arises - People who have persuaded that they lack capabilities tend to avoid
challenging activities that cultivate potentials and give up in the face of difficulty
social persuation
- People rely partly on their somatic and emotional states in judging their
capabilities - They interpret their stress reactions and tensions as signs of vulnerability to
poor performance
Psychological Responses
propoesed the Theory of Self-Estrangement or Self-Alienation
Karl Marx
, man’s loss of objectivity and his loss of realness as
self-discovery, manifestation of his nature, objectification and realization
Theory of Self-Estrangement or Self-Alienation
A person may feel ____________ by his work by not feeling like he has meaning to his work, therefore losing their sense of self at the workplace
alienated
- German sociologist and political economist
- Capitalism developed out of a Protestant ethic, a religious calling
- “iron cage” – as the religion became peripheral, capitalism decoupled from its roots and
established itself as the dominant force in societ
MAX WEBER (1864 – 1920
the idea that individuality will be stifled or imprisoned for the sake of acting rationally.
iron cage
- The Leasguge of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee or Iroquois (1851)
This presented the complexity of Iroquois society in a path-breaking ethnography that was
a model for future anthropologists - He wanted to provide evidence for monogenesis, the theory that all human beings descended from a common source
- The structure of the family and social institutions develops and change according to a
specific sequence
LEWIS MORGAN
PROPOSED THE THEORY OF SOCIAL EVOLUTION
LEWIS MORGAN
- Kinship relations as a basic part of society
- Critical link between social progress and technological progress
- Interplay between the evolution of technology, of family relations, of property relations, of the larger social structure, and systems of governance, and intellectual
development
THEORY OF SOCIAL EVOLUTION
AN ATTEMPT TO UNDERSTAND HOW MEMBERSHIP IN ONE’S SOCIAL GROUP AFFECTS INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
SOCIOLOGY
