Psychology Flashcards
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It is derived from two Greek words, psyche meaning soul/mind; and logos meaning study”.
Literally means the study of souls but now it is study of mind.
PSYCHOLOGY
” is the “sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals (Jhangiani and
Tarry 2014).”
SELF
concept of an individual about himself and often referred to as “self-identity”
IDENTITY
a continuous process throughout the lifespan; one’s sense of self
may change, at least somewhat, throughout one’s life.
SELF DEVELOPMENT
has important implications for socio-emotional functioning
throughout the lifespan
Self Representation
was one of the earliest psychologists to study the self and conceptualized
the self as having 2 aspects – the “I” and the “me”.
WILLIAM JAMES
the “____” is the thinking, acting, feeling self
“I”
the
“________” is the physical characteristics as well psychological capabilities that makes who you are.
“Me”
The greatest discovery of my generation is that human
beings can alter their lives by altering their attitudes of the mind”. the
simple change of attitude anyone even you can change your life for better or for worse.
ATTITUDINAL CHANGE
who said “When I look at the world I’m pessimistic, but when I look at people I am optimistic.”
CARL ROGERS
our organized system or collection of knowledge about who we are. It may also
include our interests, work, course, age, name, and physical characteristics
Self- schema
refers to accepting and supporting another exactly as they are, without evaluating
or judging them.
(UPR) UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
composed of personal characteristics, social roles and responsibilities, as well
as affiliations that define who one is.
IDENTITY
*
Experiences of the Self
The Self-concept includes two different experiences of the self:
Existential self
Categorical Self
The concept that you are unique/different from others (Persian poet
RUMI pondered, “Who am I in the midst of all this thought traffic?”), Subjective (I).
The existential Self
concept (and the concept of others) tends to focus on his or her
own visible characteristics, Objective (ME).
Categorical Self
Self-Concept/Self-Schema Composed of 3 Things
Real self (self image)
Ideal Self
Ought to Self
person’s ideal self may not be consistent with their actual experience (real self), or what is
even possible. This is called ______
Incongruence
refers to the need for personal growth and development throughout one’s
life. It is the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which was developed by psychologist
Abraham Maslow.
SELF ACTUALIZATION
refers to the extent to which we like, accept, or approve of
ourselves; or how much we value ourselves
self esteem/ self worth
One of the ways in which our social relationship affects our self-esteem is through social
comparison
SOCIAL COMPAROSON THEORY
Two types of Comparison
Downward Comparison
Upward Comparison
In this theory, we can feel threatened when someone out-performs us, especially when that
person is close to us (i.e, a family or a friend).
SELF EVALUATION MANAGEMENT THEORY
according to them there are w type of self that we can be aware of:
The private Self and
The Public Self
Craver and Scheier
