UTIS Flashcards

1
Q

what is a UTI

A

the presence of pathogenic micro organisms in the urinary tract.

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2
Q

what will urinalysis test for

A

leukocyte esterase
Nitrates
WBC
Bacteria

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3
Q

What is a lower UTI

A

infection of bladder and urethra

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4
Q

Upper UTI

A

infection of kidneys and ureter.

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5
Q

What is a kidney infection called

A

Pyelononepritis

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6
Q

What bacteria are able to cause UTIS and why

A

those with protein filaments i.e fimbride or pilli as they can adhere to epithelial cells.

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7
Q

what will bacteria do once it has adhered

A

multiply

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8
Q

what is the most common cause of uncomplicated UTIS

A

E COLI which forms part of the body’s bowel flora

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9
Q

what protects the bladder from infection?

A

acid urine

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10
Q

why are older women more likely to suffer utis?

A

as after the menopause, there is a reduction of oestregon and the normal acidity of vagina decreases.

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11
Q

what protects men under 50 from UTIS

A

they have prostatic fluid with antibacterial properties

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12
Q

what is the bodys natural defence from UTIS

A

Urinary tract has a mucin layer, lined by urothelium- a mucosal layer that secretes mucin.

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13
Q

Causes of UTIS

A

obstruction, catheters, sexual intercourse, diabetes and urethroversical reflux- when urine moves back into the bladder via coughing, sneezing or when voiding is stopped abruptly.

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14
Q

what increase in respiratory rate should there be with a 1% rise in remperature

A

10%

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15
Q

what controls temperature

A

the thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus in the brain.

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16
Q

what is rigor

A

shivering that occurs as a result of a rising temperature

17
Q

what are the four stages of a fever

A
  1. prodromal period- fever-fatigue, malaise, headache
  2. The chill-vasoconstriction
  3. The flush-Vasodilation
  4. Defervesence-Sweating
18
Q

in the first year of life are boys or girls more likely to get utis

A

boys then girls after one year of age

19
Q

Why are older men more prone to UTIS

A

because they start to develop conditions such as Prostate hyperlasia

20
Q

what is it called when bacteria is present in urine without symptoms

A

asymptomatic bacteria