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Acute care needs > arterial blood gases > Flashcards

arterial blood gases Flashcards

1
Q

what information does an arterial blood gas give

A 
pulmonary gas exchange
acid base balance
PH
Carbon dioxide- PaCO2
oxygen- Pa02
potassium-k+
sodium-NA+
Calcium- Ca+
lactate
glucose
Haemogoblin/Haematocrit-Hb/HCT
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2
Q

why is PH important

A

the maintenance of cell membranes and enzyme activity is dependent on the PH of blood. it also asesses the overall acid base balance and refers to the hydrogen concentration of the blood and all other tissue fluids.

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3
Q

what denotes an acidocis

A

Ph lower then 7.35

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4
Q

what denotes an alkalosis

A

Ph higher then 7.45

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5
Q

what is Pa02

A

concentration of oxygen in arterial blood

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6
Q

what is sao2

A

how much of the haemogoblin is occupied by oxyegon.

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7
Q

what is proportional to the amount of oxygen dissolved in blood

A

the partial pressure.

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8
Q

how much oxygen is dissolved in plasma

A

3%

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9
Q

how much oxygen is attatched to haemogoblin and rbc

A

97%

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10
Q

what is carbon dioxide in the blood a direct reflection of

A

alveolar ventilation

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11
Q

what does carbon dioxide in the blood do

A

readily diffuse across cell membrane

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12
Q

what is PaCO2

A

the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood

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13
Q

what is hypercapnia

A

abnormally elevated levels of co2

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14
Q

what is hypocapnia

A

abnormally low levels of co2

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15
Q

causes of metabolic alkalosis

A 
high ph
low hydrodgen ion concentration
increased bicarbonate
prolonged diarrhea
prolonged diuretic therapy
bicarbonate infusions
oral antacids
increased levels of aldosterone
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16
Q

causes of metabolic acidocis

A 
renal failure
lactic acidocis
hypoperfusion due to shock 
diabetic ketoacidosis
infusion of acids
starvation
(can all lower cardiac output).
17
Q

what happens in respiratory acidocis

A

Paco2 increases

Ph decreases

18
Q

what happens in respiratory alkalosis

A

PaCO2 decreases

Ph increases

19
Q

what happens in metabolic acidosis

A

HCO3 decreases

Ph decreases

20
Q

what happens in metabolic alkalosis

A

HCO3 increases

PH increases

Acute care needs (9 decks)

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