UTILITIE 2 SEMIS Flashcards
is a critical concern in buildings of all types and sizes.
Fire safety
can do a lot of damage to property, which can lead to lost income and higher insurance rates.
Fires
Fire Protection Systems:
- Sprinkler System
- Standpipe system
are important for putting out fires. They are made up of a network of pipes and nozzles that release water when a fire is spotted, putting out the flames quickly and safely.
Sprinkler systems
These systems add an important layer of fire protection to buildings, making them safer for people inside and lowering the risk of major damage.
Sprinkler systems
work by detecting heat from a fire and starting individual sprinkler heads.
Sprinkler systems
These heads then spray pressurized water or other fire-suppressing chemicals directly onto the flames, putting out the fire or controlling it while stopping it from spreading.
Sprinkler systems
These systems are made to react to localized heat, which makes sure that fire situations in buildings are dealt with quickly and precisely.
Sprinkler systems
Types of Sprinkler System
- Wet Sprinkler System
- Dry Sprinkler System
- Pre-Action Sprinkler System
- are the most common type and are constantly filled with water.
Wet Sprinkler System
- are ideal for areas where freezing temperatures are a concern
Dry Sprinkler System
- it is combine aspects of both wet and dry systems and are typically used in areas where accidental water discharge could be catastrophic, such as data centers or museums.
Pre-Action Sprinkler System
Key Components of Sprinkler Systems:
- Sprinkler Head
- Water Supply
- Alarm Valve
- Control Panel
- Monitoring Devices
- It is the most visible and critical component of a sprinkler system. They are strategically placed throughout a building, typically on the ceiling. These heads are designed to activate individually when exposed to a certain temperature, typically caused by a fire.
Sprinkler Head
- is essential for a sprinkler system to function effectively. can be sourced from a municipal water line or an on-site water storage tank, such as a fire pump or a gravity tank.
Water Supply
- It is a critical component that controls the flow of water in the sprinkler system. It is designed to keep the system pressurized, preventing water from flowing through the sprinkler pipes until a sprinkler head is activated by heat.
Alarm Valve
- It serves as the brain of the sprinkler system. It monitors the status of the system, including water pressure, valve positions, and alarm conditions.
Control Panel
are used to ensure the integrity and functionality of the sprinkler system. These devices can include water flow switches, pressure switches, and tamper switches.
Monitoring Devices
are an important part of fire safety because they put out fires automatically in their early stages, which often stops them from becoming major disasters.
Sprinkler systems
Their ability to respond quickly not only saves lives, but it also greatly lowers the damage to property and the costs that come with it in the event of a fire.
Sprinkler systems
are an important part of building fire safety because they give firefighters on high floors an easy way to get water to put out fires.
Standpipe systems
These systems are made up of a network of pipes and outlets that let firemen connect hoses and bring water to the scene of an emergency. This makes responding to emergencies in buildings with multiple floors more effective and under control.
Standpipe systems
are essential components of fire protection in buildings, serving a crucial purpose in firefighting.
Standpipe systems
These systems are designed to provide a readily available and pressurized water supply to firefighters, enabling them to combat fires more effectively.
Standpipe systems
Purpose of Standpipe System in Firefighting:
- Rapid Fire Response
- Enhanced Safety
- Extended Reach
- Buildings have standpipe systems put in so that firefighters can get to fires quickly and easily.
Rapid Fire Response
- In a fire situation, the safety of both people inside and firefighters is the most important thing. This helps keep things safer and more under control while fighting fires.
Enhanced Safety
- Hoses can be connected to standpipe ports on different floors, which lets firefighters reach more areas of the building.
Extended Reach
Uses of Standpipe System in Firefighting:
- Connection Points
- Water Supply
- Fire Attack
- Search and Rescue
- Overhaul and Aftercare
- Firefighters can connect their hoses to the standpipe outlets, which are strategically located on each floor of the building.
Connection Points
- Firefighters can adjust the water flow and pressure as needed to combat the fire effectively.
Water Supply
- Once connected to the standpipe system, firefighters use hoses and nozzles to direct water onto the fire.
Fire Attack
- Firefighters can use the water supply to create a safe path through smoke-filled areas, improving visibility and making it easier to locate and evacuate occupants.
Search and Rescue
- After the main fire is extinguished, firefighters may continue to use the standpipe system to conduct overhaul operations, ensuring that all hotspots are completely extinguished and reducing the risk of rekindling fires.
Overhaul and Aftercare
Types of Standpipe System:
- Class I Standpipe System
- Class II Standpipe System
- Class III Standpipe System
are designed primarily for use by the fire department. They provide a dedicated water supply for firefighters to combat fires within a building. Firefighters can attach their hoses to the hose connections to access a reliable source of water for firefighting operations.
- Class I standpipe systems
are designed to serve both the fire department and building occupants. They promote a collaborative approach to fire safety by providing accessible water sources for both professionals and occupants. Building occupants can attach hoses to these connections to help control small fires or facilitate their evacuation while awaiting professional firefighting assistance.
- Class II standpipe systems
are designed exclusively for use by building occupants during a fire emergency. They empower occupants to take initial fire suppression actions and enhance self-evacuation capabilities. The fire department does not typically use Class III standpipe connections for firefighting.
- Class III standpipe systems
Key Components of Standpipe System:
- Standpipe Risers
- Hose Connections
- Pressure-Regulating Devices
- Fire Department Connections
- It serve as the main distribution system for water throughout the building. Standpipe risers are crucial for conveying water to the hose connections on various floors.
Standpipe Risers
- Are outlets or valves that are attached to the standpipe risers on each floor. These connections are strategically located to provide easy access to water for firefighting or self-evacuation purposes.
Hose Connections
- Are integral to maintaining a consistent and manageable water pressure in the standpipe system. They help to optimize the flow of water throughout the system, allowing for efficient firefighting efforts.
Pressure-Regulating Devices
- Also known as Siamese connections, are special fittings installed on the exterior of the building. Firefighters use these connections to supply water from their fire trucks into the standpipe system, ensuring they have a reliable water source when battling a fire.
Fire Department Connections
Fire Alarm System:
- Fire Detection System
- Fire Alarm System
are crucial components of building safety designed to identify the presence of a fire, smoke, or elevated temperatures. These systems serve as an early warning mechanism, allowing for the timely evacuation of occupants and the prompt response of emergency services.
Fire detector system
Types of Detectors:
1.)Smoke Detector
2.) Heat Detector
3.) Flame Detector
It is a crucial fire detection device designed to identify the presence of smoke, which is often an early sign of a fire.
Smoke Detector
are typically installed on ceilings or high on walls in various locations throughout a building, including bedrooms, hallways, living rooms, and kitchens.
Smoke detectors
Common types of Smoke Detectors:
Ionization Smoke Detectors
Photoelectric Smoke Detectors
Dual-Sensor Smoke Detectors
Are fire detection devices designed to trigger an alarm when they sense a significant increase in temperature in their vicinity.
Heat Detector
Common types of Heat Detectors:
Fixed Temperature Heat Detectors
Rate-of-Rise Heat Detectors
Combined Heat Detectors
are known for their reliability in harsh and dusty environments where traditional smoke detectors might be prone to false alarms.
Heat detectors
are specialized fire detection devices designed to identify the presence of open flames or flames that emit specific types of radiation, such as ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) radiation.
Flame detectors
are commonly used in industries such as petrochemical plants, oil refineries, natural gas facilities, and power generation plants.
Flame detectors
Primary types of Flame Detector:
Ultraviolet (UV) Flame Detectors
Infrared (IR) Flame Detectors
is a critical component of fire safety in buildings and facilities. It is designed to detect the presence of a fire, smoke, or other potential fire-related hazards and to provide early warning and alerting to building occupants and emergency responders.
fire alarm system
Types of Fire Alarm System:
- Conventional Fire Alarm Systems
- Addressable Fire Alarm Systems
- Voice Evacuation Systems
is one of the two primary types of fire alarm systems used to detect and alert people to the presence of a fire or other emergency in a building. Conventional systems are generally simpler and less costly than their addressable counterparts and are often used in smaller buildings and facilities.
Conventional Fire Alarm Systems
is a type of fire detection and alarm system that offers advanced features and capabilities compared to conventional fire alarm systems. Addressable systems are often used in larger, more complex buildings and facilities where precise identification of the location of an alarm event is crucial.
Addressable Fire Alarm Systems
also known as a Voice Alarm System (VAS), is a specialized fire alarm and life safety system designed to provide clear and intelligible voice instructions to building occupants during emergencies, such as fires, natural disasters, or other critical events that require evacuation or specific actions.
Voice Evacuation Systems
are the most common fire protection mechanisms in commercial buildings.
Smoke detectors and sprinklers
5 Steps to effective fire protection system design
Step1: Meet safety Codes
Step2: Pick a Detection Solution
Step3: Choose Notifications and alarms
Step4: Select a fire suppression system
Step5: Make maintenance priority
Fire Safety and Property Protection Systems for Buildings
● Automatic Detection
● Automatic Suppression
● Compartmentation
Key Components of fire Protection Systems
● Alarms
● Sprinklers
● Extinguishers
● Fire Doors
● Fire Escapes
3 parts of Fire fighting system in a building
- Water storage tanks
- Fire pumps
- Network Pipes
Quantity of water to be stored in tanks
- Light Hazard
- Medium Hazard
- High Hazard
Types of pumps
- Jockey Pump
- Main Pump
- Back up Pump
- Sprinkler Pump
2 Types of Distribution System
- AUTOMATIC DRY SYSTEM
- AUTOMATIC WET SYSTEM
-The first and most important measure against fire, which is slow with smoke but without fire and low heat that does not activate sprinkler head, is an exact early warning.
- Automatic Detection
Can reduce the possibility of flashover that can be dangerous event. Not only does the fire suppression permits access to building to help occupants out of dangerous area but also allows the continuation of fire suppression.
Automatic suppression
restricts the spread of fire by dividing the building into compartment areas surrounded by fire walls and by fire rating floors and ceilings. Added to that, the spread of smokes and poisons fumes to adjacent areas of the building is limited by compartments.
Compartmentation
is a system designed to detect the presence of fire or smoke. This does so by noticing ambient changes in the air.
fire alarm
-Often used in large commercial and industrial buildings like factories and warehouses, it consists of a set of pipes and sprinkler heads. At adequate pressure levels, the water is distributed by either wet pipe or dry pipe systems.
- Sprinklers
require human operation in order to suppress a budding, controllable fire. They consist of a pressurized tank filled with a dry or wet chemical. Once the handle is squeezed, the fire extinguisher releases its fire-suppressing contents down the nozzle.
- Extinguishers
-Although not fire-suppressive in purpose, are a type of passive fire protection whose sole purpose is to slow or prevent the spread of fire and smoke from one room to another. This minimizes the damage done by the fire in order to give more than enough time for the building’s personnel to complete their evacuation and for firefighters to arrive and begin to douse the flames.
- Fire Doors
which are external emergency exits, are used in conjunction with fire doors to allow for the safe evacuation of a building in the event of a fire. When regular exits may be blocked or inoperable due to the fire, provide a means for people to descend from the upper floors to the ground level. These escapes must be both reliable and constructed to meet code standards.
- Fire Escapes
A water tank collects water and stores it for late use and timeless access. Water tanks can either be located at ground level, underground, on top of the building, or a combination of ground and top level.
- STORAGE TANKS
- Light Hazard
- Medium Hazard
- High Hazard
– Schools, Residential Buildings and Offices
– Factories and Warehouses
– Foam factories, Aircraft Hangars, Paint Factories, Firework Factories
are an essential part of many water-based fire protection systems. They are used to increase the pressure (measured in psi and bar) of a water source when that source is not adequate for the system it’s supplying. These are commonly located in a pump room, which is placed very close to fire tanks.
Fire pumps
is considered by a number of factors such as the area covered by hydrants, sprinklers and the type and layout of the building.
- The capacity of pumps
is a collection of elements such as pipes, compressors, pumps, valves, regulators, heaters, tanks, and reservoirs interconnected in a specific way.
A pipeline network
are the most common. In this system, the sprinkler piping is constantly filled with water. When the temperature at the ceiling gets hot enough the glass bulb or fusible link in a sprinkler will break.
Wet pipe sprinkler systems
are filled with pressurized air or nitrogen instead of water to prevent frozen and burst sprinkler pipes in areas with colder temperatures.
Dry pipe sprinkler systems
play a crucial role in modern infrastructure and transportation. These systems facilitate the efficient and safe movement of people and goods both vertically and horizontally within various structures, such as buildings, airports, and industrial facilities.
Conveying systems
primary types of conveying systems
Escalators
Elevators
Ramps
Lift
Walkways
are moving staircases that transport people between different levels within a building. They consist of steps or stairs mounted on a continuous looped chain or belt.
Escalators
Distinguishing Features of Escalators
- Continuous Motion
- Step Cycles
also known as lifts, are enclosed vertical transportation systems. They consist of a car or cabin that moves up and down along a set of rails or guide rails within a shaft.
Elevators,
Distinguishing Features of Elevators
*Rapid Ascent
*Hoisting Mechanism
are inclined surfaces that facilitate the movement of people and goods between different elevations. are often used for wheelchair access, as well as for moving freight on wheels, such as carts and trolleys.
Ramps
Distinguishing Features of Ramps
- Gradual Incline
- Versatile Routing
are versatile vertical transportation devices that are designed to move people or freight between different levels. They often employ hydraulic, traction, or pneumatic systems and are commonly used in industrial and commercial settings.
Lifts
Distinguishing Features of Lifts
*Hydraulic Power
*Adaptable
also known as moving walkways or travelators, are horizontal conveying systems designed for the easy and efficient movement of people. They consist of a flat conveyor belt that transports passengers in a horizontal direction.
Walkways,
Distinguishing Features of Walkways
*Continuous Surface
*Efficient Mobility
key components of escalator
*Step Chain
*Motor
*Handrails
key components of elevator
*Elevator Car
*Counterweight
*Hoist Mechanism
key components of ramps
Surface
Lighting
Materials
key components of lifts
*Lift Car
*Hydraulic System (for Hydraulic Lifts)
*Motor and Pulley System (for Traction Lifts):
key components of walkways
*Continuous Surface
*Support Structure
*Safety Features
Passenger elevators can typically accommodate anywhere from ________ people, depending on the design and size.
8 to 25
Freight elevators have a wide range, with capacities starting from around _______ and going up to tens of thousands of pounds.
2,000 pounds (about 907 kilograms)
are designed for continuous passenger flow, and their capacity is measured in the number of people per minute rather than a fixed weight limit.
Escalators
have no specific limit on the number of people but should adhere to accessibility standards.
Ramps for pedestrians
are often used for trolleys or carts and do not have strict weight limits for pedestrian use.
Ramps for goods movement
Passenger lifts typically accommodate _______ people, depending on their size and purpose.
4 to 20
can handle goods ranging from a few hundred kilograms to several tons, depending on the specific design and application.
Freight lifts
are designed for pedestrians, and their capacity is based on the available width and safety standards rather than a fixed limit on the number of people.
Walkways
are not designed for transporting goods; they are intended for pedestrian traffic.
Walkways
is a fast and efficient mechanical handling apparatus for automatically transporting loads and materials within an area.
A conveyor system
is used in many industries as a standard piece of mechanical handling equipment to move goods, products, raw goods, and other materials from one location to another, usually in the same area or building
A conveyor system
Conveyor System in different fields
- Sintering
- Packaging
- Production Line
- Pharmaceutical
- Metalworking
- Airport
- Mining
- Automotive
- Food Processing
- Printing
is a production process used to significantly lower the temperature of a piece just below its melting point to shape and form the piece. Conveyors transport the piece into the high temperature furnaces for the sintering process.
Sintering
is designed to assist with product packaging, such as placing finished products in containers, efficient labeling, or preparation of products for shipping. The function of a packaging conveyor system is to move products from completion and assembly for shipment. They provide a safe method of moving materials and avoid the need for employees to carry heavy items.
Packaging
- is designed to bring work to workers, which avoids the need to move an assembly crew. The advantages of a production line conveyor is to easily move products through the assembly process for each task to be efficiently performed. What begins as raw materials at the beginning of the assembly process is a completed product at the end.
Production Line
- the pharmaceutical industry requires specially designed conveying systems that can be installed in a sterile environment but be flexible, reliable, and easily accessible to prevent contamination.
Pharmaceutical
- the demands for metal production has increased the use of conveying systems to improve productivity and efficiency. The various processes of metalworking can be completed accurately and precisely by using a conveying system. Cutting and molding for the production of large quantities of products can be done quicker.
Metalworking
- though airports have people moving conveyors, the main conveying system is for luggage handling, which speeds up the process of getting luggage from the checking counter to the airplane and off the airplane to luggage pickup. Highly sophisticated and complex systems limit manual involvement and move packages and bags.
Airport
- conveyors are essential for mining operations to move raw materials but must be durable enough to withstand extremely harsh conditions. Most mining operations are in secluded areas that make it difficult for trucks to access. Mining conveyors removes the need to create a means for trucks to reach the operation.
Mining
– the automotive industry uses several varieties of conveyors for material handling. Parts and car bodies can be easily moved from one operation to the next. They are especially helpful in moving heavy items such as doors, bumpers, chassis, and frames.
Automotive
- food conveyors move foods and organic materials safely and quickly at a lower cost than that of manual labor. The term food conveyor covers a variety of systems that includes rollers, belts and dumpers or anything used to move food products through the manufacturing process.
Food Processing
- printing conveyors, for screen printing, use a conveyor dryer process for drying screen-printed material. Though there are other methods for drying screen prints, conveyor dryers are used for large volume production and come in several varieties. In the drying process, hot air is forced on to the garment at a controlled temperature with an even flow as the item passes along the conveying system.
Printing
Disadvantages of Conveyor System
Not applicable in all scenarios.
The simplicity means very limited features.
Has a limitation of the type of material it can transport.
It is difficult to relocate once installed.
Can cause disturbance through noise.
Advantages of Conveyor System
They Can Help Reduce Your Costs
No power means less cost and more environmentally friendly.
Can finish work faster.
Can ensure safety.
Very gentle handling of the products
is a fast and efficient mechanical handling apparatus for automatically transporting loads and materials within an area. They are useful in helping to move bulky or heavy items from one point to another.
A conveyor system
Conveyor system minimizes ________, __________, and ____________ among other benefits.
human error, lowers workplace risks, and reduces labor costs
A conveyor system may use ________, __________, ________, or _________ to transport objects.
a belt, wheels, rollers, or a chain
Types of Conveyor system
- Belt
- Roller
- Slat/apron
- Ball transfer
- Overhead
- Wheel
- Walking beam
consists of two or more pulleys, with a closed loop of carrying medium the conveyor belt that rotates about them.
- A belt conveyor system
are part of material handling systems that use a series of evenly spaced cylindrical rollers to move boxes, supplies, materials, objects, and parts across an open space or from an upper level to a lower level.
- Roller conveyors
made from slats or plates instead of a belt, is designed for moving heavy materials. The materials conveyed by a slat system are typically too large or heavy for traditional belt movement.
- a slat conveyor,
consist of ball transfers that are attached to rigid frames or plates. They allow flat-bottomed loads to roll along a path from one place to another, reducing the effort it takes to move the loads in warehousing, package handling, manufacturing, and distribution applications.
- Ball transfer conveyors
free up valuable floor space by moving conveying systems up above work areas. A continuous track is suspended either from overhead supports and pendants are placed on the track that can hold product to be conveyed.
- Overhead conveyors
- a series of wheels are mounted to a variety of conveyor rail shapes and with various wheel patterns to configure conveyor lanes, either in horizontal push applications or on slight decline angles for gravity flow solutions.
Wheel
provides for movement of the articles between the actuating stations and includes a first and second set of rollers which are supported by a support surface with the rollers movable their along.
- The walking beam conveyor
Examples of Conveyor system
escalator
Ski lifts
is an example of a chain-driven conveyor system. Instead of having a pulley system that pulls items along, the chain conveyor uses a towing system that pulls the steps in an upward or downward motion.
Escalator
are an example of an overhead conveyor. These units use an electric track inclined to pull the chairs up or down the mountainside. Like an escalator, these systems use a chain-driven towing system.
Ski lifts
Essential parts of a conveyor system
belt support
pulley
drive unit
is the component that ensures the belt moves smoothly. If the support unit is not firm, the belt sags when workers place a heavy object on top, and the sagging causes the belt not to move smoothly or swiftly as it should. The use of a firm support unit keeps the belt taut and running efficiently.
Belt support
is an external component used to control the belt movement. Each unit has at least two pulleys, one that operates under power and an idle one. More complex conveyor systems may have additional rotors throughout the frame.
The pulley system
allows the system to move. The unit contains a counter bearing that keeps the parts moving efficiently. This unit also allows for the belt to move in reverse and manage the repeated adjustments in direction for some systems. Some conveyor systems are manually operated. These systems still use a drive unit; however, it is not motorized.
The drive unit
is a vertical transportation device used to move people, goods, or other items between different levels or floors within a building.
An elevator
Types of Elevators
PASSENGER ELEVATORS
FREIGHT ELEVATORS
HOME ELEVATORS
DUMBWAITERS
ESCALATORS
MOVING WALKWAYS
PNEUMATIC VACUUM ELEVATORS
is a type of elevator designed primarily for the vertical transportation of people within buildings. It consists of a cabin or platform that moves vertically along a shaft, allowing passengers to travel between different floors easily.
A passenger elevator
are a common feature in residential, commercial, and public buildings, providing a convenient and efficient means of vertical transportation. They come in various designs, including hydraulic and traction systems, and are equipped with safety features to ensure the well-being of passengers during transit.
Passenger elevators
Passenger elevators is designed for transporting people between floors in ________,_______,and ______.
residential, commercial, and public buildings.
Passenger Elevators have a capacity of _____ pounds. They come in various designs, including ______ and ______.
1,000 to 6,000
hydraulic and traction systems.
_______, ________, and _____ are essential for ensuring passenger safety and smooth operation of passenger elevator.
Regular inspections, lubrication, and testing
is a type of elevator designed specifically for the transportation of goods, equipment, or heavy loads within a building.
A freight elevator
These elevators typically have robust construction, larger platforms, and higher weight capacities to accommodate the transportation of bulky and heavy items.
freight elevator
Primarily for transporting goods, equipment, and heavy loads in industrial and commercial settings.
freight elevator
freight elevator transports what?
goods, equipment, and heavy loads
Sturdy construction with higher weight capacities compared to passenger elevators. Hydraulic or traction systems are used, depending on the load requirements.
freight elevator
is a specialized type of elevator designed for installation in private residences.
A home elevator
Provide accessibility in private residences for individuals with mobility challenges.
A home elevator
Compact design, often using hydraulic systems or traction systems with a smaller footprint.
A home elevator
is a small freight elevator designed for the vertical transportation of goods, typically over short distances within a building.
A dumbwaiter
Small freight elevators used for transporting ____, ____, and _______ between floors, commonly found in restaurants, hotels, and residences.
goods, food, or other items
Compact and designed for lower weight capacities compared to larger freight elevators.
A home elevator
is a moving staircase designed to transport people between different levels of a building. It consists of a continuous, looped belt or chain of steps that move in a consistent direction, either upward or downward, on tracks.
An escalator
are commonly found in high-traffic areas such as shopping malls, transit stations, and airports.
Escalators
Continuous moving stairs for transporting people between different levels in high-traffic areas such as shopping malls and transit stations.
Escalators
Consists of a series of steps linked together on a looped chain. Requires regular inspection of steps, handrails, and safety systems.
Escalators
also known as travelators or moving sidewalks, are conveyor belt-like systems designed to transport people horizontally or along a gentle incline between different points within a building or across open spaces. These systems are commonly found in airports, shopping centers, and large public areas.
Moving walkways,
Similar to escalators but designed for horizontal movement, often used in airports and large public spaces.
Moving walkways,
Long conveyor belts with a series of pallets or treads. Regular inspection of the drive system, handrails, and safety features is essential.
Moving walkways,
Regular and proactive maintenance helps prevent breakdowns, ensures the safety of users, and extends the overall lifespan of the moving walkway system.
Moving walkways,
often referred to as PVEs, are a unique type of residential elevator that operates on a pneumatic vacuum principle.
Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators
Unlike traditional elevators that use cables, counterweights, or hydraulic systems, _______ elevators rely on changes in air pressure to move the elevator car.
pneumatic vacuum
Provide a unique and compact solution for residential and light commercial applications.
pneumatic vacuum
Use air pressure to move the elevator cab. Maintenance involves checking air pressure, seals, and safety features.
pneumatic vacuum
Maintenance of _____________ (PVEs) involves systematic checks to ensure the continued reliability and safety of these unique elevator systems. Regular inspections of the air pressure system, including the vacuum pump or turbine, are crucial to confirm that the pressure levels align with manufacturer specifications.
Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators
