utilitarianism Flashcards
what is utilitarianism?
a moral theory that focuses on the result of our actions and treats intentions as irrelevant
what is act
The greatest good for the greatest number.
who developed act
Bentham
what is the principle of utility?
the greatest good for greatest no.
what is a hedonic calculus?
calculates the amount of pleasure a specific action is likely to cause.
weaknesses of act
Not practical to use hedonic calculus
Justifies immoral actions
who developed rule?
j.s Mill
Key concepts of rule
offers a framework of moral rules which have favorable consequences for everyone.
higher and lower pleasures
what is the harm principle?
freedom to do whatever as long as harming another person does not happen
e.g do not kill
weaknesses of rule
- the two pleasures are hard to separate and define
- What if breaking the rule has more utility?
