UTI

Question 1

what is a urinary tract infection commonly caused by?

Answer 1

most often caused by E.coli

Question 2

What are clinical manifestations of a UTI?

Answer 2

1. lower back or abdominal pain
2. urinary frequency and urgency
3. gross hematuria which is a large amount of blood in the urine
4. pyuria is pus in the urine which can make it have a foul smell

Question 3

What are clinical manifestations of UTI in the older adult?

Answer 3

confusion, loss of appetite, “just not feeling right”

Question 4

What are preventative measures to protect against getting a UTI?

Answer 4

1. urinate every 3-4 hours
2. bathe daily and have a warm sitz bath
3. heating pads to relieve discomfort
4. have cranberry juice

Question 5

What are nursing interventions to treat a patient with a UTI?

Answer 5

1. increase fluids
2. avoid indwelling catheters or early removal of catheters
3. routine peri care

Question 6

What is the purpose of taking phenazopyridine for a UTI and what does it do to urine?

Answer 6

does not treat the infection and is only used as a pain reliever and turns urine bright red/orange color

Question 7

What are complications of a UTI?

Answer 7

urosepsis, urethral obstruction, pyelonephritis, and chronic kidney disease

Question 8

What is urosepsis?

Answer 8

hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fever –> septic shock–> death

Question 9

what is pyelonephritis?

Answer 9

inflammation of renal pelvis which results from an infection that ascends into the kidney from the lower urinary tract

Question 10

what can pyelonephritis lead too?

Answer 10

pyelonephritis can lead to urosepsis

Question 11

what are manifestations of pyelonephritis?

Answer 11

1. chills/fever
2. malaise
3. flank pain
4. costovertebral angle tenderness which determines inflammation

Question 12

What are priority nursing interventions for pyelonephritis?

Answer 12

1. encourage fluids
2. monitor Is and Os,/daily weight
3. warm, moist compress to affected flank
4. monitor for signs of renal failure

Question 13

what is the first sign of renal failure?

Answer 13

low urine output that is less than 30 m/hr

Question 14

What pharmacological medications can be given for treatment of pyelonephritis?

Answer 14

fluids, antibiotics, analagesics, antipyretics, and antiemetics

Question 15

what is glomerulonephritis?

Answer 15

immune complex disease - this is not a kidney infection

Question 16

What causes glomerulonephritis?

Answer 16

usually occurs following a strep infection, can also be due to lupus, HTN, and diabetes

Question 17

What are clinical manifestations of glomerulonephritis?

Answer 17

1. decreased GFR
2. fluid volume excess
3. changes in LOC
4. anorexia
5. proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria which forms cola colored urine

Question 18

What labs should be monitored for a patient with glomerulonephritis?

Answer 18

1. throat culture and strep titer
2. monitor BUN, creatinine clearance, and GFR UA
3. electrolytes- monitor potassium especially

Question 19

What nursing interventions should be done for a patient with golermulonephritis?

Answer 19

1. bed rest

2. have patient on fluid, sodium, and potassium restrictions

Question 20

What medications can be given for glomerulonephritis?

Answer 20

1. antibiotics for strep
2. diuretics due to the fluid volume overload
3. corticosteroids to reduce inflammatory response