UTI

Question 1

What are UTI risk factors?

Answer 1

Women
Pregnancy
Urethral abnormality
Diabetes mellitus
Catheter
Incomplete emptying

Question 2

What are the most common organisms in UTI?

Answer 2

Coliforms (bacteria that live in the digestive tract) ie. E coli
Staph epidermis

Enterococcus
Klebsiella

Strep faecalis
Proteus mirabilis

Question 3

Symptoms of UTI?

Answer 3

Dysuria
Frequency
Fever
Haematuria 
Suprapubic pain, loin pain
Offensive smelling urine 
[discharge is a sign of STIs usually] 

General - confusion

Question 4

What are signs of UTI on urine dip?

Answer 4

Nitrite - gram negative bacteria produce nitrite. (if nitrite + on dipstick, treat with ABX)

Leukocytes- inflammatory process in urinary system, indicates bacterial infection (if only leukocyte is + on the dip, review time of speciman obtained, only if severe and unwell give ABX].

Question 5

What is MC&S and how is it obtained?

Answer 5

Obtained from midstream urine

Finding out which bug it is, growing it, what antibiotics work for it.

*MC&S should be taken BEFORE ABX given. *

Question 6

What renal tract imagings can be done?

Answer 6

Multiple UTIs in women, any UTI in a child or a man need imaging investigation.

Scan of the renal structural abnormality. US for stones and abnormalities and

Question 7

How are UTIs managed?

Answer 7

Urine MC&S before ABX given.

1- HIGH FLUID intake needed.

2- Trimethoprine, Nitrofurantoin or Amoxicillin are given for five days for UTI.

3- IV ABX is given in pyelonephritis cases.