UTI Flashcards
Protective UTI Factors
- pH (acidic)
- Presence of Urea
- Sex-Specific Factors
- prostatic secretion
- urethral gland secretions - Urine Flow is unidirectional
- Immune System
UTI Risk Factors
Catheterization: CAUDI's Sex (perineal irritation) Age (increases) Pregnancy Sexual Activity -spermicide -25% women get 1 a year Urinary obstruction or reflux Immobility Incontinence (1 or 2) Decreased Cognition Poor Hygiene
UTI: Pathogenesis
Ascending Pattern
- Contaminated perineum
- Urethra
- Bladder
- Ureter
- Kidney (pyelonephritis)
Upper UTI is also called?
pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis: Etiology
- Ascending infection with E. Coli
- Bloodstream infection
Pyelonephritis: Major Risk Factor
Pregnancy
Pyelonephritis: Pathogenesis
Inflammatory response which causes kidney damage
Pyelonephritis/ Upper UTI Clinical manifestations
Sudden onset of
- Fever, chills, CVA tenderness
- Lower UTI: dysuria
- N/V
- Anorexia
Major Pyelonephritis Complication?
Urosepsis
Who is at risk for Urosepsis
Elderly
Diabetics
Immunosuppressed
HIGH MORTALITY if not treated w/antibiotics
Treatment for UTI depends on?
Upper vs Lower
Complications
Pregnancy
C + S results
Antibiotics regimen for Community-Acquired Infections
Single-dose
Short-course (3 days)
Conventional (7-14 days)
First-Line antibiotics for UTI
Ciprofloxacin
MOA: inhibits bacterial reproduction, works locally
SE: GI upset
Black Box: Tendon rupture
Vancomycin
MOA: immediate inhibition of cell wall synthesis and death
Ototoxic, nephrotoxic, Red Man Syndrome
Pyelonephritis
Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that generally begins in your urethra or bladder and travels to one or both of your kidneys.
