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3th quater > UT basic test > Flashcards

UT basic test Flashcards

1
Q

the indication on the instrument display that represents the far boundary of the material being tested is called?

A

the back surface reflection.

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2
Q

in immersion testing, the position of the transducer is often varied to transmit sound into the test part at various angles to the front surface. such a procedure is referred to as?

A

Angulation

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3
Q

The cable that connects the UT instrument to the transducer is specially design so that one conductor is centered inside another. the technical name fo such a cable is ?

A

Coaxial cable

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4
Q

The process of comparing an instrument or device with a standard is called?

A

Calibration

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5
Q

another name for a compressional wave is?

A

Longitudinal wave

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6
Q

another name for Rayleigh wave is?

A

Surface waves

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7
Q

a material used between the face of a transducer and the test surface to permit or improve the transmission of ultrasonic vibration from the transducer to the material being tested is called?

A

a couplant

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8
Q

The piezoelectric material in a transducer that vibrated to produce UT waves is called?

A

Crystal

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9
Q

UT testing of material where the transducer is in direct contact with the material being tested may be:

A

Straight beam, surface wave, and Angle beam.

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10
Q

An advantage of using Lithium sulfate in transducers is that it ?

A

is one of the most efficient receivers of UT energy

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11
Q

The transducers that contains the thinnest Piezoelectric crystal is

A

1MHZ-
5MHZ
15MHZ
25MHZ CORRECT

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12
Q

A 25mhz transducer would most likely be used during?

A

immersion testing

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13
Q

the amount of beam spread divergence from a crystal is primarily dependent on the ?

A

Frequency

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14
Q

When an UT beam passes through the interface between two dissimilar materials at an angle, a new angle of sound travel takes place in the second material due to?

A

Refraction

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15
Q

The velocity of surface waves is proximately _______ the velocity of shear waves in the same material.

A

9/10

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16
Q

Under most circumstances, which of the following frequencies would result in the best resolving power?

A

1 MHZ
5 MHZ
10 MHZ
25 MHZ CORRECT

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17
Q

which of the following materials of the same alloy is most likely to produce the greatest amount of sound attenuation over a given distances?

A

A coarse- grained casting

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18
Q

in contact testing, the entry surface indication is sometimes referred to as ?

A

The initial pulse

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19
Q

An UT instrument display pattern containing a large number of low-level indications (often referred to as ‘hash’ ) could be caused by?

A

Course-grained material

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20
Q

A test method employing two separate transducers on opposite surfaces of the material being tested is called?

A

through-transmission testing

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21
Q

The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a given period of time (usually 1 s) is referred to as the?

A

frequency of a wave motion

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22
Q

The boundary between two different materials that are in contact with each other is called?

A

an interface

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23
Q

When the motion of the particles of a medium is parallel to the direction of propagation, the wave being transmitted is called a ?

A

Longitudinal wave

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24
Q

When the motion of the particles of a medium is transverse to the direction of propagation, the wave being transmitted is called a ?

A

shear wave

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25
Q

“25 million cycle per second “ can also be stated as

A

25 MHz

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26
Q

Moving a transducer over a test surface either manually or automatically is referred to as?

A

Scanning

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27
Q

A term used in UT to express the rate at which sound waves pass trough various substances is ?

A

Velocity

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28
Q

When a vertical indication has reached to the maximum signal height which can be displayed or viewed on the display of an UT instrument, the indication is said to have reached its?

A

Vertical level.

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29
Q

An UT TESTING TECHNIQUE IN WHICH THE TRANSDUCER ELEMENT IS NOT PARALLEL TO THE TEST SURFACE IS CALLED ?

A

ANGLE BEAM TESTING

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30
Q

Most commercial UT testing is accomplished using frequencies between :

1 and 25 MHz
1 and 1000 MHz
0.2 and 25 MHz
15 and 100 MHz

A

0.2 and 25 MHz

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31
Q

In an A-scan presentation, the horizontal base line represents:

A

the elapsed time or distances

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32
Q

In an A-scan presentation, the amplitude of vertical indications on the display represent the :

A

amount of UT sound energy returning to the transducer

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33
Q 
Which of the following test frequencies would generally provide the best penetration on a 12 in thick specimen of coarse-grained steel?
1 MHz
2.25 MHz
5 MHz
10 MHz
A

1 MHz

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34
Q

In a basic UT test pattern (A-scan) for contact testing (assuming no sweep delay is used), the initial pulse

A

is the high indication on the extreme left side of the display that represents the entry surface of the inspected part?

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35
Q

An UT test using a straight beam contact transducer is being conducted through the thickness of a part such as a plate. this test should detect?

A

Laminar-type flaws with major dimensions parallel to the rolled surface.

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36
Q

In UT testing, a liquid coupling medium between the crystal surface and the part surface is necessary because?

A

An air interface between the crystal surface and the part surface would almost completely reflect the UT vibration

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37
Q

Entry surface resolution is characteristic of an UT testing system which defines its ability to?

A

detect discontinuities located just beneath the entry surface in the part being tested.

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38
Q

During UT testing by the immersion method, it is frequently necessary to angulate the transducer when a discontinuity is located in order to?

A

obtain a maximum response if the discontinuity is not originally oriented perpendicular to the UT beam.

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39
Q

All other factors being equal, the mode of vibration that has the greatest velocity is the ?

A

Longitudinal wave

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40
Q

on the area amplitude UT standard test blocks, the flat bottom holes in the are?

A

Different i diameter, increasing by 0.016 inch increment from the No1 “8” inch block

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41
Q

In immersion testing, verification that the transducer is normal to a flat entry surface is indicated by?

A

Maximum reflection from the entry surface

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42
Q

A Piezoelectric material can?

A

covert an mechanical energy to electrical energy

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43
Q

Sound waves of a frequency beyond of the human ear are referred to as UT waves or vibrations, and the term embraces all vibrational waves of frequency greater than approximately?

A

20 000 Hz

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44
Q

The velocity of sound waves is dependent on ?

A

the material, material thickness, and UT Frequency ( time between signals on the display)

45
Q

A disadvantage of using natural quartz in a transducer is that?

A

it is the least effective generator of Ultrasonic energy of all commonly used material.

46
Q

An advantage of using a ceramics transducer in transducers is that ?

A

is one of the most efficient generators of UT energy

47
Q

The primary purpose of reference blocks is to ?

A

obtain a common reproducible from an instrument.

48
Q

When testing by the surface wave method, patches of oil or dirt on the surface may ?

A

cause both an attenuation of sound and indications on the screen

49
Q

in immersion testing, the most commonly used couplant is?

A

Water

50
Q

The Piezoelectric material in transducer

A

Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

51
Q

The shortest wavelength pulse is produced by a frequency of ?

A

65 MHz

52
Q

The angle if incidence is ?

A

equal to the angle of reflection

53
Q

on many UT testing instruments, an operator conducting an immersion test can remove that portion of the display presentation that represents water distance by adjusting?

A

Sweep delay control.

54
Q

A transducer with a frequency greater than 10 MHz will most likely be used during?

A

an immersion tests

55
Q

The reference holes in standard aluminum area amplitude UT test blocks contain?

A

Flat bottom hole

56
Q

The gradual loss of sonic energy as UT vibration travel through the material is referred to as ?

A

attenuation

57
Q

A terms used to describe numerous small indications on the instrument display resulting from test part structure, numerous small discontinuities, or both is often referred to as ?

A

HASH

58
Q

When testing a plate, increasing the frequency of an UT longitudinal wave results in?

A

no change in its velocity

59
Q

Ut waves transmitted into and received from the test material in the form of repetitive bursts of acoustic energy is called ?

A

Pulse echo testing

60
Q

Metal blocks, which contain one or more drilled holes to simulate discontinuities, are called?

A

reference block

61
Q

if the major dimensions of a discontinuity in a 6 inch thick aluminum plate lie parallel to the entry surface at a dept of 3 inch, it will be best detected by ?

A

straight beam test

62
Q

The depth of a discontinuity cannot be determined when using the?

A

through transmission testing method

63
Q 
When inspecting coarse-grained material, a sound wave is most easily scattered by the grain structure by a frequency of ?
1MHz
2.25 MHz
5 MHz
10 MHz
A

10 MHz

64
Q 
The thickest crystal is contained in ?
1MHz
15 MHz
5 MHz
25 MHz
A

1 MHz

65
Q

when performing a surface wave test, indications may result from

A

A surface discontinuity

66
Q

Transducer constructed with a plastic wedge or standoff between the transducer element and the test piece are commonly used for?

A

For an angle beam contact testing

67
Q

A transducer containing three or more individual transducer elements is often referred to as?

A

a mosaic transducer

68
Q

A test method in which the parts to be inspected are placed in a water bath or some other liquid couplant is called?

A

immersion testing

69
Q

A separate time base line imposed on the viewing display of some UT testing instruments that permits measurements of distances is often referred to as?

A

a Marker

70
Q

A term used to describe the ability of an UT system to distinguish between the entry surface response and the response of discontinuities near the entry surface

A

resolution

71
Q

The phenomenon whereby an UT wave changes direction when the wave crosses a boundary between materials with different velocities is called?

A

Refraction

72
Q

in a test where the transducer is not perpendicular to the inspection surface, the angle of incidence is equal to ?

A

the angle of refraction

73
Q

the product of acoustic velocity of sound in a material and density of the material is the factor that determines the amount of reflection or transmission of UT energy when it reaches an interface. this term is called?

A

Acoustic impedance

74
Q

Ultrasonic waves that travel along the surface of a material and whose particle motion is elliptical are called ___________

A

Rayleigh

75
Q

the interference field near the face of a transducer is often called ?

A

Fresnel zone or near zone

76
Q

when the incident angle is chosen to be between the first and second critical angles, the ultrasonic wave mode within the part will be a :

A

shear wave

77
Q

The formula used to calculate the angle of refraction within a material is called?

A

Snell’s law

78
Q

In a material with a given velocity, when frequency is increased, the wavelength will?

A

decreased

79
Q

The most common type of data display used for UT examination of welds is:

A

an A -scan

80
Q

The display that plots signal amplitude versus time in called ?

A

an A-scan

81
Q

A circuit that coordinates electronics operation of the entire UT instrument system is called?

A

A clock

82
Q

UT date, which is presented in a form representative of the cross section of the test specimen, is called?

A

a B-scan

83
Q

A plan view display or recording of a part under examination is called?

A

C-Scan

84
Q

What type of UT examination uses wheel-type transducers that eliminate the use of tank?

A

Immersion testing

85
Q

in addition to other functions, a transducer manipulator in a mechanical immersion-scanning unit permits?

A

detection of oblique-oriented discontinuities.

86
Q

A type of data presentation most likely to be used with a high speed automatic scanning system is?

A

a A-scan presentation

87
Q

The component in a conventional immersion system that spans the with of the immersion tank is called?

A

a Bridge

88
Q

The component in an UT immersion system that is used to adjust and maintain a know transducer angle is called?

A

a manipulator

89
Q

An amplitude type gate is necessary for all ?

A

Automatic examination

90
Q

ROUGH ENTRY SURFACES CONDITION CAN RESULT IN?

A

AN INCREASE IN THE WIDTH OF THE FRONT SURFACE ECHO
AND

A LOSS OF ECHO AMPLITUDE FROM DISCONTINUITIES.

91
Q

As the grain size increases in a material, its principal effect in UT testing is on the?

A

Attenuation

92
Q

In straight beam pulse echo testing, a discontinuity with a rough reflecting surface perpendicular to the incident wave has what effect on the detected signal in comparison to a smooth flat bottom hole of the same size?

A

it decreases the detected signal

93
Q 
ut vibrations can be propagate only in the longitudinal mode in?
machine oil
aluminum
ice
beryllium
A

machine oil

94
Q

What can cause non -relevant indications on the cathode ray tube

A

contoured surface
edge effects
surface conditions

95
Q

Attenuation is a ?

A

test material parameter

96
Q

For discontinuity geometries other than flat, the echo amplitude is usually_______ from that observed for a flat defect, of similar orientation perpendicular to the sound beam?

A

decrease

97
Q

The pulser circuit in an UT instrument is used to?

A

activate the transducer

98
Q

a B-scan display shows the relative ?

A

distance a discontinuity is from the transducer and its length in the direction of the transducer travel.

99
Q

Surface(Rayleigh) waves traveling on the top face of block?

A

are reflected from a sharp edge corner

100
Q

surface (Rayleigh) waves are more highly attenuated by?

A

a heavy couplant

101
Q

The velocity in a material is dependent upon the?

A

Material properties

102
Q

TO vary or change the wavelength pf sound being used to test a part, change the ______

A

SOUND WAVE FREQUENCY

103
Q

UT VIBRATION ARE COMMONLY USED TO?

A

EXAMINE MATERIALS FOR DISCONTINUITIES, THICKNESS, AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

104
Q

IF FREQUENCY IS INCREASED , WAVELENGTH ___

A

DECREASES. BECOMES SHORTER

105
Q 
MOST FERROUS AND NONFERROUS WELD MAY BE ULTRASONICALLY TESTED USING A FREQUENCY RANGE OF ?
25-100khz
200-500khz
3-6Mhz
1-2.25MHz
A

1-2.25 MHz

106
Q

The product of the material density and the velocity of sound within that material is referred to as?

A

Acoustic impedance

107
Q

A straight beam contact transducer consists of?

A

a case, a crystal, a mount, and a backing

108
Q

For a given incident angle, as frequency of the transducer increases, the refracted angle?

A

stay the same

109
Q

Both longitudinal and shear waves may be simultaneously generated in a second medium when the angle if incidence is?

A

between normal and the first critical angle

3th quater (4 decks)

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